Tao Te Ching / ๋„๋•๊ฒฝ โ€” ะฝะฐ ะฐะฝะณะปะธะนัะบะพะผ ะธ ะบะพั€ะตะนัะบะพะผ ัะทั‹ะบะฐั…

ะะฝะณะปะธะนัะบะพ-ะบะพั€ะตะนัะบะฐั ะบะฝะธะณะฐ-ะฑะธะปะธะฝะณะฒะฐ

Lao Tzu

Tao Te Ching

๋…ธ์ž

๋„๋•๊ฒฝ

1. The Way

์žฅ ์ œ1

The Way that can be experienced is not true;
The world that can be constructed is not true.
The Way manifests all that happens and may happen;
The world represents all that exists and may exist.
To experience without intention is to sense the world;
To experience with intention is to anticipate the world.
These two experiences are indistinguishable;
Their construction differs but their effect is the same.
Beyond the gate of experience flows the Way,
Which is ever greater and more subtle than the world.

'๋„'๋Š” '๋„'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ์šฐ์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ '๋„'๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด๋ฆ„ ์ง€์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ๋Š˜ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ '์ด๋ฆ„'์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
'๋ฌด'๋Š” ์ฒœ์ง€์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์„ ์ด๋ฆ„์ง€์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
'์œ '๋Š” ๋งŒ๋ฌผ์˜ ์–ด๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฆ„์ง€์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ '๋ฌด'์™€ '์œ '๋Š” ๋Š˜ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ,๋Š˜ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ '๋ฌด'๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ฌ˜ํ•œ ์˜์—ญ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ  ๋Š˜ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ '์œ '๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค.
์ด ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผ์ปซ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ˜„๋ฌ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ˜„๋ฌ˜ํ•˜๋‹ค.
์˜จ๊ฐ– ๋ฌ˜ํ•จ์ด ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.

2. Abstraction

์žฅ ์ œ2

When beauty is abstracted
Then ugliness has been implied;
When good is abstracted
Then evil has been implied.
So alive and dead are abstracted from nature,
Difficult and easy abstracted from progress,
Long and short abstracted from contrast,
High and low abstracted from depth,
Song and speech abstracted from melody,
After and before abstracted from sequence.
The sage experiences without abstraction,
And accomplishes without action;
He accepts the ebb and flow of things,
Nurtures them, but does not own them,
And lives, but does not dwell.

์ฒœํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์•Œ๋“ฏ ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฏธ๋Š”,
์ถ”์•…ํ•˜๋‹ค.
์ฒœํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์•Œ๋“ฏ ์„ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์„ ์€.
์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ ,๋ฌด๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ์‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ ,
์–ด๋ ต๊ณ  ์‰ฌ์›€์€ ์„œ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ๋ฉฐ,
๊ธธ๊ณ  ์งง์Œ์€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๊ณ ,
๋†’๊ณ  ๋‚ฎ์Œ์€ ์„œ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ฉฐ,
๋…ธ๋ž˜์™€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ,
์•ž๊ณผ ๋’ค๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ
์„ฑ์ธ์€ ๋ฌด์œ„๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ ,
๋ง์—†์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นœ๋‹ค.
๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ,
๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚˜๋„ ๊ฐ€์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ,
๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ์ž๋ž‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ,
๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ณ ๋„ ๋จธ๋ฌผ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋‹ˆ,
๋– ๋‚˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.

3. Without Action

์žฅ ์ œ3

Not praising the worthy prevents contention,
Not esteeming the valuable prevents theft,
Not displaying the beautiful prevents desire.
In this manner the sage governs people:
Emptying their minds,
Filling their bellies,
Weakening their ambitions,
And strengthening their bones.
If people lack knowledge and desire
Then they can not act;
If no action is taken
Harmony remains.

ํ˜„๋ช…ํ•จ์„ ๋†’์ด์ง€ ๋ง์•„,
๋ฐฑ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์‹ธ์šฐ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ผ.
์–ป๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ท€ํžˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ง€ ๋ง์•„,
๋ฐฑ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ํ›”์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ผ.
์š•์‹ฌ์„ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด์ง€ ๋ง์•„,
๋ฐฑ์„ฑ๋“ค์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ์–ด์ง€๋Ÿฝ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ผ.
์ด๋กœ์จ ์„ฑ์ธ์˜ ๋‹ค์Šค๋ฆผ์€,
๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๋น„์šฐ๊ณ ,
๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ์ฑ„์šฐ๋ฉฐ,
๋œป์„ ์•ฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
๋ผˆ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ๋ฐฑ์„ฑ๋“ค์„ ์ˆœ์ง„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‘๊ณ  ์š•์‹ฌ์„ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์—ฌ,
๊พ€์žˆ๋Š” ์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ฐํžˆ ํ–‰ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ผ.
๋ฌด์œ„๋กœ ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉด,
๋‹ค์Šค๋ ค์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—†๋‹ค.

4. Limitless

์žฅ ์ œ4

The Way is a limitless vessel;
Used by the self, it is not filled by the world;
It cannot be cut, knotted, dimmed or stilled;
Its depths are hidden, ubiquitous and eternal;
I donโ€™t know where it comes from;
It comes before nature.

๋„๋Š” ํ…… ๋นˆ ๊ทธ๋ฆ‡๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์•„ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ์ฑ„์›Œ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
๊นŠ์–ด์„œ ๋‚ฎ์Œ์—๋„ ๋งŒ๋ฌผ์˜ ์šฐ๋‘๋จธ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ™๊ณ .
๋ง‘์Œ์—๋„ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๊ตฌ๋‚˜.
์–ด๋””์—์„œ ์™”๋Š”์ง€ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ ์ฒœ์ œ๋ณด๋‹ค ์•ž์„  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.
้“, ๆฒ–่€Œ็”จไน‹, ๆˆ–ไธ็›ˆ.
ๆทตๅ…ฎไผผ่ฌ็‰ฉไน‹ๅฎ—
ๆน›ๅ…ฎไผผๆˆ–ๅญ˜.
ๅพไธ็Ÿฅ่ชฐไน‹ๅญ, ่ฑกๅธไน‹ๅ…ˆ.

5. Nature

์žฅ ์ œ5

Nature is not kind;
It treats all things impartially.
The Sage is not kind,
And treats all people impartially.
Nature is like a bellows,
Empty, yet never ceasing its supply.
The more it moves, the more it yields;
So the sage draws upon experience
And cannot be exhausted.

์ฒœ์ง€๋Š” ์–ด์งˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•„, ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ’€๊ฐ•์•„์ง€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‹ค๋ฃฌ๋‹ค.
์„ฑ์ธ์€ ์–ด์งˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•„, ๋ฐฑ์„ฑ์„ ํ’€๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฃฌ๋‹ค.
๋ง์ด ๋งŽ์œผ๋ฉด ์ž์ฃผ ๋ง‰ํžˆ๋‹ˆ,
ํž˜์จ ๋น„์›Œ๋‘ ๋งŒ ๋ชปํ•˜๋‹ค.

6. Experience

์žฅ ์ œ6

Experience is a riverbed,
Its source hidden, forever flowing:
Its entrance, the root of the world,
The Way moves within it:
Draw upon it; it will not run dry.

๊ณจ์งœ๊ธฐ์˜ ์‹ ์€ ์ฃฝ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋‹ˆ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ผœ ์•Œ์ˆ˜์—†๋Š” ์•”์ปท์ด๋ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
์•Œ์ˆ˜์—†๋Š” ์•”์ปท์˜ ๋ฌธ์€ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ํ•˜๋Š˜๊ณผ ๋•…์˜ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ์ด๋‹ค.
์žˆ๋Š”๋“ฏ ์—†๋Š”๋“ฏ ์ด์–ด์ง€๋‚˜, ์•„๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ์จ๋„ ๋งˆ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.

7. Complete

์žฅ ์ œ7

Nature is complete because it does not serve itself.
The sage places himself after and finds himself before,
Ignores his desire and finds himself content.
He is complete because he does not serve himself.

ํ•˜๋Š˜์€ ๋„“๊ณ  ๋•…์€ ์˜ค๋ž˜๊ฐ„๋‹ค.
์ฒœ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋„“๊ณ  ์˜ค๋ž˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€,
์ž๊ธฐ๋งŒ์ด ์‚ด๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์„ฑ์ธ์€ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋’ค์— ๋‘๋‚˜ ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์•ž์„œ๊ณ ,
์ž์‹ ์„ ๋ฐ–์— ๋‘๊ณ ๋„ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋‚จ๋Š”๋‹ค.
์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‚ฌ๋กœ์›€์ด ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ฒ ๋Š”๊ฐ€?
๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์‚ฌ์‚ฌ๋กœ์›€๋งˆ์ € ์ด๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

8. Water

์žฅ ์ œ8

The best of man is like water,
Which benefits all things, and does not contend with them,
Which flows in places that others disdain,
Where it is in harmony with the Way.
So the sage:
Lives within nature,
Thinks within the deep,
Gives within impartiality,
Speaks within trust,
Governs within order,
Crafts within ability,
Acts within opportunity.
He does not contend, and none contend against him.

์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์€ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.
๋ฌผ์€ ๋งŒ๋ฌผ์„ ์ด๋กญ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹คํˆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒํ•˜๊ณ ,
๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์— ๋จธ๋ฌธ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋„์— ๊ฐ€๊น๋‹ค.
๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ณณ์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๊ณ ,
๋งˆ์Œ์€ ๊ณ ์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
์‚ฌ๊ท์— ์–ด์งˆ๊ณ ,
๋ง์ด ๋“ฌ์งํ•˜๊ณ ,
์˜ฌ๊ณง์•„ ์ž˜ ๋‹ค์Šค๋ฆฌ๊ณ ,
์ผ์„ ์ž˜ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ ,
๋•Œ๋งž์ถฐ ์›€์ง์ธ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ์ € ๋‹คํˆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋‹ˆ,
ํ—ˆ๋ฌผ๋„ ์—†๋‹ค.

9. Retire

์žฅ ์ œ9

Fill a cup to its brim and it is easily spilled;
Temper a sword to its hardest and it is easily broken;
Amass the greatest treasure and it is easily stolen;
Claim credit and honour and you easily fall;
Retire once your purpose is achieved โ€” this is natural.

๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ฑ„์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋งŒ ๋‘๋Š๋‹ˆ๋งŒ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
๋‘๋“œ๋ ค ๋‚ ์„ ์„ธ์šฐ๋ฉด ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๊ฐ„์งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค.
๊ธˆ๊ณผ ์˜ฅ์ด ์ง‘์•ˆ์— ๊ฐ€๋“ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ์ง€ํ‚ค์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
๋ˆ๊ณผ ๋ช…์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด๋„ ๊ฑด๋ฐฉ์ง€๋ฉด ์ž์—ฐํžˆ ํ—ˆ๋ฌผ์„ ๋‚จ๊ธฐ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.
์ด๋ฃจ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•˜๋Š˜์˜ ๋„์ด๋‹ค.

10. Harmony

์žฅ ์ œ10

Embracing the Way, you become embraced;
Breathing gently, you become newborn;
Clearing your mind, you become clear;
Nurturing your children, you become impartial;
Opening your heart, you become accepted;
Accepting the world, you embrace the Way.
Bearing and nurturing,
Creating but not owning,
Giving without demanding,
This is harmony.

๋งˆ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋„๋ฅผ ์•ˆ์•„ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์—์„œ ๋– ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€?
๋ณธ๋Šฅ์— ๋งก๊ธฐ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์›€์— ์ด๋ฅด๋Ÿฌ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์•„์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€?
ํ˜„๋ฌ˜ํ•จ์„ ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ๋งˆ์ € ์”ป์–ด๋‚ด์–ด ํ ์ด ์—†๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€?
๋‚˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐฑ์„ฑ์„ ๋‹ค์Šค๋ฆผ์— ๋ฌด์œ„๋กœ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€?
๊ฐ๊ฐ์ด ๋Š๊ปด์ ธ๋„ ํ”๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€?
๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒƒ์— ํ›คํ•ด๋„ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€?
๋งŒ๋ฌผ์„ ๋‚ณ๊ณ  ๊ธธ๋Ÿฌ์ฃผ๋‚˜ ๋‚ณ๊ณ ์„œ๋„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
๊ณต์„ ๋ฒ ํ’€๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ์˜์กดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ž˜ ์ž๋ผ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ์ฃผ์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋‹ˆ
์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ˜„๋•์ด๋ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

11. Tools

์žฅ ์ œ11

Thirty spokes meet at a nave;
Because of the hole we may use the wheel.
Clay is moulded into a vessel;
Because of the hollow we may use the cup.
Walls are built around a hearth;
Because of the doors we may use the house.
Thus tools come from what exists,
But use from what does not.

์„œ๋ฅธ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฐ”ํ€ด์‚ด์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ํ†ต์— ๋ชจ์—ฌ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ
๊ทธ ์—†์Œ์— ์“ฐ์ž„์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.
์ง„ํ™์„ ์ด๊ฒจ ๊ทธ๋ฆ‡์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋‹ˆ
๊ทธ ์—†์Œ์— ๊ทธ๋ฆ‡์˜ ์“ฐ์ž„์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.
๋ฌธ๊ณผ ์ฐฝ์„ ๋šซ์–ด ์ง‘์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋‹ˆ
๊ทธ ์—†์Œ์— ์ง‘์˜ ์“ฐ์ž„์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์žˆ์Œ์˜ ์ด๋กœ์›€์€ ์—†์Œ์˜ ์“ฐ์ž„๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.

12. Substance

์žฅ ์ œ12

Too much colour blinds the eye,
Too much music deafens the ear,
Too much taste dulls the palate,
Too much play maddens the mind,
Too much desire tears the heart.
In this manner the sage cares for people:
He provides for the belly, not for the senses;
He ignores abstraction and holds fast to substance.

ํ™”๋ คํ•œ ์น˜์žฅ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋ˆˆ์„ ๋ฉ€๊ฒŒํ•˜๊ณ ,
๋‹ฌ์ฝคํ•œ ์Œ์•…์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๊ท€๋ฅผ ๋ฉ€๊ฒŒํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
์‚ฐํ•ด์ง„๋ฏธ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ž…์„ ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
ํฅ๋ถ„๋œ ์‚ฌ๋ƒฅ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
๊ธˆ์€๋ณดํ™”๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์–ด์ง€๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
์ด ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์„ฑ์ธ์€ ๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ˆˆ์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ˆˆ์„ ์น˜์šฐ๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•œ๋‹ค.

13. Self

์žฅ ์ œ13

Both praise and blame cause concern,
For they bring people hope and fear.
The object of hope and fear is the self -
For, without self, to whom may fortune and disaster occur?
Therefore,
Who distinguishes himself from the world may be given the world,
But who regards himself as the world may accept the world.

์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์š•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋†€๋ž„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ๋ฐ›๋“œ๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋‚˜.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํฐ ๊ฑฑ์ •๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ž๊ธฐ ๋ชธ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋‚˜.
์š•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋†€๋ž„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ๋ฐ›๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€?
์š•๊ตฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•˜์ฐฎ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป์–ด๋„ ๋†€๋ž€๋“ฏ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žƒ์–ด๋„ ๋†€๋ž€๋“ฏ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ โ€˜์š•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋†€๋ž„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ๋ฐ›๋“ ๋‹ค.โ€™๋Š” ๋ง์ด๋‹ค.
'ํฐ ๊ฑฑ์ •๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ž๊ธฐ ๋ชธ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์—ฌ๊ธด๋‹ค.'๋Š” ๋ง์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€?
๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํฐ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊นŒ๋‹ญ์€ ๋ชธ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.
๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋ชธ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๊ทผ์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋Š”๊ฐ€!
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ฒœํ•˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ชธ์„ ๋” ์•„๋‚€๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฒœํ•˜๋ฅผ ๋งก๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ œ ๋ชธ์„ ๋ฐ”์ณ ์ฒœํ•˜ ์œ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด์ฐŒ ์ฒœํ•˜๋ฅผ ๋งก๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋Š”๊ฐ€?

14. Mystery

์žฅ ์ œ14

Looked at but cannot be seen โ€” it is beneath form;
Listened to but cannot be heard โ€” it is beneath sound;
Held but cannot be touched โ€” it is beneath feeling;
These depthless things evade definition,
And blend into a single mystery.
In its rising there is no light,
In its falling there is no darkness,
A continuous thread beyond description,
Lining what can not occur;
Its form formless,
Its image nothing,
Its name silence;
Follow it, it has no back,
Meet it, it has no face.
Attend the present to deal with the past;
Thus you grasp the continuity of the Way,
Which is its essence.

๋ณด๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ๋„ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ์ด๋ฅผ ์–ด๋ ดํ’‹ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ณ ,
๋“ค์œผ๋ ค ํ•ด๋„ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ์ด๋ฅผ ํ๋ฆฟํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ณ ,
์žก์œผ๋ ค ํ•ด๋„ ๋ถ™์žก์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด ์ด๋ฅผ ํฌ๋ฏธํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค.
์ด ์„ธ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๋”ฐ์ ธ ๋ฌผ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ, ๋’ค์„ž์—ฌ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋‹ค.
๊ทธ ์œ„๋Š” ๋ฐ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ,
๊ทธ ์•„๋ž˜๋Š” ์–ด๋‘ก์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค.
๋์—†์ด ์ด์–ด์ ธ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ณ ,
์กด์žฌ ์ด์ „์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ„๋‹ค.
์ด๋ฅผ ํ˜•์ƒ์—†๋Š” ํ˜•์ƒ์ด๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ณ ,
์‹ค์ฒด์—†๋Š” ๋ชจ์–‘์ด๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋‹ˆ,
๊ทธ์ € ํ™ฉํ™€ํ•˜๋‹ค ํ•œ๋‹ค.
๋งž์ดํ•ด๋„ ๊ทธ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ณ ,
๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋„ ๊ทธ ๊ผฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค.
์˜›๋‚ ์˜ ๋„๋ฅผ ์–ป์–ด ์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ์ผ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋‹ˆ,
๋„์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์„ ์ง์ž‘ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋„์˜ ์‹ค๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฅธ๋‹ค.

15. Enlightenment

์žฅ ์ œ15

The enlightened possess understanding
So profound they can not be understood.
Because they cannot be understood
I can only describe their appearance:
Cautious as one crossing thin ice,
Undecided as one surrounded by danger,
Modest as one who is a guest,
Unbounded as melting ice,
Genuine as unshaped wood,
Broad as a valley,
Seamless as muddy water.
Who stills the water that the mud may settle,
Who seeks to stop that he may travel on,
Who desires less than may transpire,
Decays, but will not renew.

์˜›๋‚ ์—, ๋„๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š”์ž๋Š”
๊ผผ๊ผผํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌ˜ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ์œฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ด๋ฆฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ
๊นŠ์ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค.
์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์œผ๋‚˜ ์–ต์ง€๋กœ ๋งํ•ด๋ณธ๋‹ค.
๋จธ๋ญ‡๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ฒจ์šธ๊ฐœ์šธ์„ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๋Š” ๋“ฏ ํ•˜๊ณ 
์ฃผ์ €ํ•˜๋‹ˆ ์‚ฌ๋ฐฉ์„ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฏ ํ•˜๋‹ค.
์ค€์—„ํ•˜๋‹ˆ ์†๋‹˜๊ฐ™๊ณ 
ํ’€์–ด์ง€๋‹ˆ ์–ผ์Œ์ด ๋…น์œผ๋ ค๋Š” ๋“ฏ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
๋„ํƒ€์šฐ๋‹ˆ ํ†ต๋‚˜๋ฌด๊ฐ™๊ณ 
๋น„์–ด์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๊ณ„๊ณก๊ฐ™์œผ๋ฉฐ
ํ˜ผ๋ž€ํ•˜๋‹ˆ ํƒํ•œ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.
๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ํ˜ผํƒํ•จ์„ ๊ณ ์š”ํžˆํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๋ง‘๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€?
๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•จ์„ ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ์›€์ง์—ฌ ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ์ƒ๋™ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€?
์ด ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฑ„์šฐ๋ ค ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋‹ˆ,
์ฑ„์šฐ์ง€ ์•„๋‹ˆํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Šฅํžˆ ๋‚ก๊ฒŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์›€์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.

16. Decay and Renewal

์žฅ ์ œ16

Empty the self completely;
Embrace perfect peace.
The world will rise and move;
Watch it return to rest.
All the flourishing things
Will return to their source.
This return is peaceful;
It is the flow of nature,
An eternal decay and renewal.
Accepting this brings enlightenment,
Ignoring this brings misery.
Who accepts natureโ€™s flow becomes all-cherishing;
Being all-cherishing he becomes impartial;
Being impartial he becomes magnanimous;
Being magnanimous he becomes natural;
Being natural he becomes one with the Way;
Being one with the Way he becomes immortal:
Though his body will decay, the Way will not.

๋น„์›€์˜ ๊ทน์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ณ , ๊ณ ์š”ํ•จ์„ ๋‘ํ…๊ฒŒ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋ผ.
๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋‚˜, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ์„ ๋ณธ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ €๋งˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ„๋‹ค.
๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ ์š”ํ•จ์ด๋ผ ๋งํ•˜๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆœ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
์ˆœ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณ€ํ•จ์—†๋‹ค ๋งํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ณ€ํ•จ์—†์Œ์„ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ๋‹ค ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค.
๋ณ€ํ•จ์—†์Œ์„ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋˜์–ด ๋‚˜์œ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋œ๋‹ค.
๋ณ€ํ•จ์—†์Œ์„ ์•„๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€ ๋„ˆ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์›€์ด๊ณ  ๋„ˆ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์šฐ๋ฉด ๊ณต์ •ํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
๊ณต์ •ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋„๋ฆฌ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ๋„๋ฆฌ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•˜๋Š˜์ด๋ฉฐ,
ํ•˜๋Š˜์€ ๋„๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๊ณ  ๋„๋Š” ์˜ค๋ž˜๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ,
์ฃฝ์„๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์œ„ํƒœ๋กญ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค.

17. Rulers

์žฅ ์ œ17

The best rulers are scarcely known by their subjects;
The next best are loved and praised;
The next are feared;
The next despised:
They have no faith in their people,
And their people become unfaithful to them.
When the best rulers achieve their purpose
Their subjects claim the achievement as their own.

๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ์ง€๋„์ž๋Š” ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋Š” ์ž์ด๋ฉฐ,
๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ™๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋ฆผ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์ž์ด๊ณ ,
๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์€ ๋‘๋ ค์šด ์ž์ด๋ฉฐ,
๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์€ ์—…์‹ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง€๋Š” ์ž์ด๋‹ค.
๋ฏฟ์Œ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋ฉด,
๋ฏฟ์Œ์„ ์–ป์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๋ฟ์ด๋‹ค.
๋„‰๋„‰ํ•˜๊ตฌ๋‚˜, ๊ทธ ๋ง์„ ์•„๋‚Œ์ด์—ฌ,
์ผ์ด ์ž˜ ํ’€๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ๋ฐฑ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ž๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค.

18. Hypocrisy

์žฅ ์ œ18

When the Way is forgotten
Duty and justice appear;
Then knowledge and wisdom are born
Along with hypocrisy.
When harmonious relationships dissolve
Then respect and devotion arise;
When a nation falls to chaos
Then loyalty and patriotism are born.

ํฐ ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‹ซํžˆ๋‹ˆ ์–ด์งŠ๊ณผ ๋ฐ”๋ฆ„์ด ์–˜๊ธฐ๋˜๊ณ ,
์•Ž๊ณผ ๋ฐ์Œ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋‹ˆ ํฐ ๊ฑฐ์ง“์ด ์ƒ๊ธด๋‹ค.
๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋‹ˆ ์น˜์‚ฌ๋ž‘๊ณผ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์ด ์–˜๊ธฐ๋˜๊ณ ,
๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ์–ด์ง€๋Ÿฌ์šฐ๋‹ˆ ์ถฉ์‹ ์ด ์ƒ๊ธด๋‹ค.

19. Simplify

์žฅ ์ œ19

If we could abolish knowledge and wisdom
Then people would profit a hundredfold;
If we could abolish duty and justice
Then harmonious relationships would form;
If we could abolish artifice and profit
Then waste and theft would disappear.
Yet such remedies treat only symptoms
And so they are inadequate.
People need personal remedies:
Reveal your naked self and embrace your original nature;
Bind your self-interest and control your ambition;
Forget your habits and simplify your affairs.

์ข…๊ต๋ฅผ ๋Š๊ณ  ํ•™๋ฌธ์„ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋ฉด,
๋ฐฑ์„ฑ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด ๋ฐฑ๋ฐฐ๋‚˜ ์ƒ๊ธด๋‹ค.
์–ด์งŠ์„ ๋Š๊ณ  ์˜๋กœ์›€์„ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋ฉด,
๋ฐฑ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ์ž์‹๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ์ด๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
์†์ž„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋Š๊ณ  ์ด์ต์„ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋ฉด,
๋„์ ์€ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง„๋‹ค.
ํ—ˆ๋‚˜ ์ด ์„ธ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š”
๊พธ๋ฏธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋‹ˆ,
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ด€์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.
๋ฐ”ํƒ•์„ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๊ณ  ์งˆ๋ฐ•ํ•จ์„ ์ง€๋…€๋ผ.
์ž์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ  ์š•์‹ฌ์„ ์ค„์—ฌ๋ผ.

20. Wandering

์žฅ ์ œ20

What is the difference between assent and denial?
What is the difference between beautiful and ugly?
What is the difference between fearsome and afraid?
The people are merry as if at a magnificent party
Or playing in the park at springtime,
But I am tranquil and wandering,
Like a newborn before it learns to smile,
Alone, with no true home.
The people have enough and to spare,
Where I have nothing,
And my heart is foolish,
Muddled and cloudy.
The people are bright and certain,
Where I am dim and confused;
The people are clever and wise,
Where I am dull and ignorant;
Aimless as a wave drifting over the sea,
Attached to nothing.
The people are busy with purpose,
Where I am impractical and rough;
I do not share the peoplesโ€™ cares
But I am fed at natureโ€™s breast.

ํ•™๋ฌธ์„ ๋Š์œผ๋ฉด ๊ทผ์‹ฌ์ด ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง„๋‹ค.
๊ณต์†ํžˆ ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์ถฉ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ๋Œ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์‚ฌ์ด๋Š” ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ ๊นŒ.
์„ ๊ณผ ์•…์€ ์„œ๋กœ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ๊นŒ.
๋ญ‡ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‘๋ ค์›Œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„๋ฆฌ์•ผ ์žˆ์œผ๋žด๋งŒ,
๋ง๋งํ•˜๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ๋‹คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์€.
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํฌํฌ๋‚™๋‚™ ์ฆ๊ฒ๋„ค,
ํฐ ์ž”์น˜๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋Š”๋“ฏ,
๋ด„๋‚ ์— ๋ˆ„๋Œ€ ์˜ค๋ฅด๋“ฏ.
๋‚˜ ํ™€๋กœ ๋‹ด๋‹ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฏธ๋™๋„ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค,
๋งˆ์น˜ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์˜น์•Œ๊ฑฐ๋ฆด์ค„๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ,
ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•จ์— ์ง€์ณ ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ• ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ.
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋„˜์ณ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€๋ฐ, ๋‚˜๋งŒ ๋‚จ์€๋“ฏ ํ™€๋กœ ์„œ์žˆ๋‹ค.
๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋ณด์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ตฌ๋‚˜, ์•„๋‘”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„.
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐ๊ณ  ๋ฐ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ™€๋กœ ์–ด๋‘ก๊ณ  ์–ด๋‘ก๋‹ค.
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ™€๋กœ ๋‹ต๋‹ตํ•˜๋‹ค.
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ๊ธฐ ์“ฐ์ž„์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ™€๋กœ ๊ณ ๋ฃจํ•˜๊ณ  ์ดŒ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค.
๋‚˜๋งŒ ํ™€๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ˆ, ๊ทธ์ € ๋จน๊ณ ์‚ฌ๋Š”๋ฐ ํž˜์“ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ผ.

21. Accept

์žฅ ์ œ21

Harmony is only in following the Way.
The Way is without form or quality,
But expresses all forms and qualities;
The Way is hidden and implicate,
But expresses all of nature;
The Way is unchanging,
But expresses all motion.
Beneath sensation and memory
The Way is the source of all the world.
How can I understand the source of the world?
By accepting.

ํฐ ๋•์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์€ ์˜ค์ง ๋„๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๋‹ค.
๋„๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ์ € ์•Œ์ˆ˜์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
์•Œ์ˆ˜์—†๊ตฌ๋‚˜! ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์— ๋ชจ์Šต์ด ์žˆ๊ณ ,
์•Œ์ˆ˜์—†์–ด! ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์— ์กด์žฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋„ค.
๊ทธ์œฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋‘ก๊ตฌ๋‚˜! ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์— ์ •์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ์ฐธ๋˜์–ด ๋ฏฟ์Œ์ด ๊ฐ„๋‹ค.
์˜ˆ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ทธ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋‹ˆ ์ด๋กœ๋ณด์•„ ๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์ž„์„ ์•Œ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋‹ค.
๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด์ฐŒํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€? ์ด๋กœ์จ์ด๋‹ค.

22. Home

์žฅ ์ œ22

Accept and you become whole,
Bend and you straighten,
Empty and you fill,
Decay and you renew,
Want and you acquire,
Fulfill and you become confused.
The sage accepts the world
As the world accepts the Way;
He does not display himself, so is clearly seen,
Does not justify himself, so is recognized,
Does not boast, so is credited,
Does not pride himself, so endures,
Does not contend, so none contend against him.
The ancients said, โ€œAccept and you become wholeโ€,
Once whole, the world is as your home.

๊ตฝ์œผ๋ฉด ์˜จ์ „ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ , ๊ตฌ๋ถ€๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ๊ณง๊ฒŒ๋˜๋ฉฐ
ํŒŒ์—ฌ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ฑ„์›Œ์ง€๊ณ , ํ•ด์ง€๋ฉด ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ๋œ๋‹ค.
์ ์œผ๋ฉด ์–ป๊ฒŒ๋˜๋‚˜, ๋งŽ์œผ๋ฉด ์–ด์ง€๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์ง„๋‹ค.
์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ์ธ์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ํ’ˆ์–ด ์ฒœํ•˜์˜ ์›์น™์œผ๋กœ ์‚ผ๋Š”๋‹ค.
์ž์‹ ์„ ๋‚ด๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋ฐ๊ณ ,
์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์˜ณ๋‹คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๋ฉฐ,
์ž๋ž‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ๊ณต์ด ์žˆ๊ณ ,
๋ฝ๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ์˜ค๋ž˜๊ฐ„๋‹ค.
์‹ธ์šฐ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋‹ˆ ์ฒœํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์‹ธ์›€์„ ๊ฑธ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค.
์˜›๋ง์— ๊ตฝ์œผ๋ฉด ์˜จ์ „ํ•ด์ง„๋‹ค ํ•˜์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ ํ—›๋ง์ด๊ฒ ๋Š”๊ฐ€.
์ฐธ๋˜๊ฒŒ ์˜จ์ „ํ•ด์ ธ์„œ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

23. Words

์žฅ ์ œ23

Nature says only a few words:
High wind does not last long,
Nor does heavy rain.
If natureโ€™s words do not last
Why should those of man?
Who accepts harmony, becomes harmonious.
Who accepts loss, becomes lost.
For who accepts harmony, the Way harmonizes with him,
And who accepts loss, the Way cannot find.

๋ง์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ์— ํšŒ์˜ค๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์€ ์•„์นจ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ๋ถˆ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ,
๊ฐ‘์ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฐ ๋น„๋Š” ์ข…์ผ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?
ํ•˜๋Š˜๊ณผ ๋•…์ด๋‹ค.
(๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ) ํ•˜๋Š˜๊ณผ ๋•…๋งˆ์ € ๋ณ€์น˜ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์œผ๋‹ˆ,
ํ•˜๋ฌผ๋ฉฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋žด.
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•จ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€, ๋„์™€ ๊ฐ™์•„์ง„๋‹ค.
๋„์™€ ๊ฐ™์•„์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋“  ์žƒ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋“  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒํ•ญ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ ์—ญ์‹œ ๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.

24. Indulgence

์žฅ ์ œ24

Straighten yourself and you will not stand steady;
Display yourself and you will not be clearly seen;
Justify yourself and you will not be respected;
Promote yourself and you will not be believed;
Pride yourself and you will not endure.
These behaviours are wasteful, indulgent,
And so they attract disfavour;
Harmony avoids them.

๋ฐœ ๋์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์„œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
์•ˆ์งฑ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋กœ๋Š” ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๊ฑธ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค.
์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์ด๋Š” ๋น›๋‚˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ์˜ณ๋‹คํ•˜๋Š” ์ด๋Š” ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ž๋ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด๋Š” ๊ณต์ด ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ,
์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ด๋Š” ์˜ค๋ž˜๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋„์—์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋จน๋‹ค๋‚จ์€ ๋ฐฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์“ธ๋ชจ์—†๋Š” ํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.
๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฐ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ์—, ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.

25. Beneath Abstraction

์žฅ ์ œ25

There is a mystery,
Beneath abstraction,
Silent, depthless,
Alone, unchanging,
Ubiquitous and liquid,
The mother of nature.
It has no name, but I call it โ€œthe Wayโ€;
It has no limit, but I call it โ€œlimitlessโ€.
Being limitless, it flows away forever;
Flowing away forever, it returns to my self:
The Way is limitless,
So nature is limitless,
So the world is limitless,
And so I am limitless.
For I am abstracted from the world,
The world from nature,
Nature from the Way,
And the Way from what is beneath abstraction.

๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์„ž์—ฌ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ, ํ•˜๋Š˜๊ณผ ๋•…์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ์ „์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.
์กฐ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์•Œ์ˆ˜์—†๊ตฌ๋‚˜! ๋ณ€ํ•จ์—†์ด ํ™€๋กœ ์„œ์žˆ๋„ค.
๋‘๋ฃจ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋‚˜ ์‰ฌ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋‹ˆ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ์–ด๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋ ๋งŒํ•˜๊ตฌ๋‚˜.
๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์•Œ์ง€๋ชปํ•˜๋‚˜, ์–ต์ง€๋กœ ์“ฐ์ž๋‹ˆ ๋„๋ผ ์“ฐ๊ณ , ์–ต์ง€๋กœ ๋ถ€๋ฅด์ž๋‹ˆ ํฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค.
ํฐ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ด์š”, ๊ฐ€๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€ ๋„๋ฆฌ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋„๋ฆฌ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜๋Œ์•„์˜ด์ด๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋„๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ณ , ํ•˜๋Š˜์ด ํฌ๋ฉฐ, ๋•…๋„ ํฌ๊ณ , ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๋˜ํ•œ ํฌ๋‹ค.
์šฐ์ฃผ์—” ํฐ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋„ค ๊ฐœ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋„ ๊ทธ ํ•œ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์–ป๋Š”๋‹ค.
์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋•…์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๊ณ , ๋•…์€ ํ•˜๋Š˜์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉฐ, ํ•˜๋Š˜์€ ๋„๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๊ณ , ๋„๋Š” ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•˜๋‹ค.

26. Calm

์žฅ ์ œ26

Gravity is the source of lightness,
Calm, the master of haste.
A lone traveller will journey all day, watching over his belongings;
Yet once safe in his bed he will lose them in sleep.
The captain of a great vessel will not act lightly or hastily.
Acting lightly, he loses sight of the world,
Acting hastily, he loses control of himself.
A captain can not treat his great ship as a small boat;
Rather than glitter like jade
He must stand like stone.

๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์›€์€ ๊ฐ€๋ฒผ์›€์˜ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ,
๊ณ ์š”ํ•จ์€ ์‹œ๋„๋Ÿฌ์›€์˜ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋‹ค.
์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ์„ฑ์ธ์€ ์ข…์ผ ๊ฑธ์–ด๋„
์ง์„ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ;
์•„๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ํ™”๋ คํ•œ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณด์•„๋„
ํŽธํžˆ ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋ฉฐ ์ดˆ์—ฐํ•˜๋‹ค.
์–ด์ฐŒ ์„ธ์ƒ์˜ ์ฃผ์ธ์œผ๋กœ์„œ,
๋ชธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ฒœํ•˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฒผ์ด ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?
๊ฐ€๋ฒผ์šฐ๋ฉด ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์žƒ๊ณ ,
์„ฑ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ตฐ์ž๋ฅผ ์žƒ๋Š”๋‹ค.

27. Perfection

์žฅ ์ œ27

The perfect traveller leaves no trail to be followed;
The perfect speaker leaves no question to be answered;
The perfect accountant leaves no working to be completed;
The perfect container leaves no lock to be closed;
The perfect knot leaves no end to be ravelled.
So the sage nurtures all men
And abandons no one.
He accepts everything
And rejects nothing.
He attends to the smallest details.
So the strong must guide the weak,
For the weak are raw material to the strong.
If the guide is not respected,
Or the material is not cared for,
Confusion will result, no matter how clever one is.
This is the secret of perfection:
When raw wood is carved, it becomes a tool;
When a man is employed, he becomes a tool;
The perfect carpenter leaves no wood to be carved.

์ž˜ ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํ”์ ์ด ๋‚จ์ง€์•Š๊ณ ,
์ž˜ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ํ ์žก์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—†๋‹ค.
์ž˜ ํ—ค์•„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Š” ๊พ€๋ถ€๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
์ž˜ ๋‹ซ์œผ๋ฉด ๋น—์žฅ์„ ๊ฑธ์ง€ ์•Š์•„๋„ ์—ด๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ,
์ž˜ ๋ฌถ์œผ๋ฉด ๋ฐง์ค„์„ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์•„๋„ ํ’€๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ์ธ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์ž˜ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋‹ˆ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ฒ„๋ฆผ์ด ์—†๊ณ ,
๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์ž˜ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋‹ˆ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๋ฒ„๋ฆผ์ด ์—†๋‹ค.
์ด๋ฅผ ์ผ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐ์Œ์„ ์ž…๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค.
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ž์˜ ์Šค์Šน์ด๊ณ ,
์ž˜ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๋Š” ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ๋Œ„๋‹ค.
์Šค์Šน์„ ์†Œ์ค‘ํžˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ์•„๋ผ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด,
๋น„๋ก ์•Œ๋”๋ผ๋„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋ฐ”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ, ์ด๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ผ์ด๋‹ค.

28. Becoming

์žฅ ์ œ28

Using the male, being female,
Being the entrance of the world,
You embrace harmony
And become as a newborn.
Using strength, being weak,
Being the root of the world,
You complete harmony
And become as unshaped wood.
Using the light, being dark,
Being the world,
You perfect harmony
And return to the Way.

๋‚จ์ž๋จ๊ณผ ์—ฌ์ž๋จ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๋˜ ๊ฑฐ๋‘์–ด,
์ฒœํ•˜์˜ ๊ณ„๊ณก์ด ๋œ๋‹ค.
์ฒœํ•˜์˜ ๊ณ„๊ณก์ด ๋˜์–ด,
๋•์ด ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜๋‰˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด,
๋‹ค์‹œ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์•„์ด๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ„๋‹ค.
ํฌ๊ณ  ๊ฒ€์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๋˜ ๊ฑฐ๋‘์–ด,
์ฒœํ•˜์˜ ๋ชจ์–‘์ด ๋œ๋‹ค.
์ฒœํ•˜์˜ ๋ชจ์–‘์ด ๋˜์–ด,
๋•์ด ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ์–ด๊ธ‹๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด,
๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฌด๊ทน์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ„๋‹ค.
์˜๊ด‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›€๊ณผ ์š•๋จ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๋˜ ๊ฑฐ๋‘์–ด,
์ฒœํ•˜์˜ ๊ณ„๊ณก์ด ๋œ๋‹ค.
์ฒœํ•˜์˜ ๊ณ„๊ณก์ด ๋˜์–ด,
๋•์ด ๋น„๋กœ์†Œ ๋Š˜ ๋„‰๋„‰ํ•ด์ง€๋ฉด,
๋‹ค์‹œ ํ†ต๋‚˜๋ฌด๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ„๋‹ค.
ํ†ต๋‚˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ชผ๊ฐœ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ฆ‡์ด ๋˜๊ณ ,
์„ฑ์ธ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆ‡์œผ๋กœ ์“ฐ๋ฉด, ์žฅ๊ด€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค.
์ด๋ ‡๊ธฐ์— ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ชผ๊ฐœ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.

29. Ambition

์žฅ ์ œ29

Those who wish to change the world
According with their desire
Cannot succeed.
The world is shaped by the Way;
It cannot be shaped by the self.
Trying to change it, you damage it;
Trying to possess it, you lose it.
So some will lead, while others follow.
Some will be warm, others cold
Some will be strong, others weak.
Some will get where they are going
While others fall by the side of the road.
So the sage will be neither wasteful nor violent.

์ฒœํ•˜๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ป๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ๋‹ค.
์ฒœํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ ๋ฌ˜ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ฆ‡์ด๋ผ,
๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค.
์–ต์ง€๋กœ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์‹คํŒจํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ ,
์žก์œผ๋ ค ํ•˜๋ฉด ์žƒ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์ด ์•ž์„œ ๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ๋„ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
๋ฐ”๋žŒ์ด ๋”ฐ๋“ฏํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ถˆ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฐจ๊ฒŒ ๋ถˆ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์•ฝํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
๊บพ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง€๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์„ฑ์ธ์€ ์‹ฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ, ์‚ฌ์น˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ, ์ง€๋‚˜์นœ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ๋‹ค.

30. Violence

์žฅ ์ œ30

Powerful men are well advised not to use violence,
For violence has a habit of returning;
Thorns and weeds grow wherever an army goes,
And lean years follow a great war.
A general is well advised
To achieve nothing more than his orders:
Not to take advantage of his victory.
Nor to glory, boast or pride himself;
To do what is dictated by necessity,
But not by choice.
For even the strongest force will weaken with time,
And then its violence will return, and kill it.

๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์ž„๊ธˆ์„ ๋„์šฐ๋ ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€,
๊ตฐ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ฒœํ•˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
๊ทธ ์ผ์€ ๋˜๋Œ์•„์˜ค๊ธฐ ๋งˆ๋ จ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.
๊ตฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋จธ๋ฌธ ์ž๋ฆฌ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ€์‹œ๋ค๋ถˆ๋งŒ์ด ๋ฌด์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ ,
ํฐ ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚จ ๋’ค์—๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ํ‰๋…„์ด ๋“ ๋‹ค.
๊ตฐ์‚ฌ์— ๋Šฅํ•œ์ž๋Š” ์ด๋ฃจ๋ฉด ๊ณง ๊ทธ์น˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐํžˆ ํž˜์— ๊ธฐ๋Œ€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
์ด๋ฃจ๋˜ ๋ฝ๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ์ด๋ฃจ๋˜ ์ž๋ž‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ์ด๋ฃจ๋˜ ๊ต๋งŒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ,
์ด๋ฃจ๋˜ ์–ด์ฉ”์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ฃจ๋˜ ํž˜์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
์žฅ์„ฑํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ณง ๋Š™๋Š” ๋ฒ•์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ,
์ด๋Š” ๋„์— ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”์ง€๋ผ.
๋„์— ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์ผ์ฐ ์ฃฝ๋Š”๋‹ค.

31. Armies

์žฅ ์ œ31

Armies are tools of violence;
They cause men to hate and fear.
The sage will not join them.
His purpose is creation;
Their purpose is destruction.
Weapons are tools of violence,
Not of the sage;
He uses them only when there is no choice,
And then calmly, and with tact,
For he finds no beauty in them.
Whoever finds beauty in weapons
Delights in the slaughter of men;
And who delights in slaughter
Cannot content himself with peace.
So slaughters must be mourned
And conquest celebrated with a funeral.

๋ฌด๋ฆ‡ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋Š” ์กฐ์ง์ด ์•ˆ์ข‹์€ ๋„๊ตฌ์ด๋‹ˆ,
๋งŒ๋ฌผ์ด ์ข…์ข… ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜์—ฌ, ๊ธธ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด๋Š” ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
๊ตฐ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋• ์™ผ์ชฝ์„ ๊ท€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ณ 
๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์“ธ ๋• ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์„ ๊ท€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธด๋‹ค.
๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋Š” ์กฐ์ง์ด ์•ˆ์ข‹์€ ๋„๊ตฌ์ด๋ฉฐ,
๊ตฐ์ž์˜ ๋„๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ˆ,
์–ด์ฉ” ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ด ์จ์•ผํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š”, ๋‹ด๋‹ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋จผ์ €๋‹ค.
์ด๊ฒจ๋„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ๋œ๋‹ค.
์ด๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ฃฝ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
๋ฌด๋ฆ‡ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ฃฝ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๊ฒจํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
ํ•˜๋Š˜ ์•„๋ž˜์—์„œ ๋œป์„ ์ด๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค.
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์€ ์™ผ์ชฝ์„ ์šฐ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
์•ˆ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์€ ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์„ ์šฐ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
์ง€์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์žฅ๊ตฐ์€ ์™ผ์ชฝ์— ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅด๊ณ ,
์ง€์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ์žฅ๊ตฐ์€ ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์— ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅด๋‹ˆ,
์ฃฝ์€ ์ž์˜ ์˜ˆ์˜๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ•จ์„ ์ด๋ฅธ๋‹ค.
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ฃฝ์ด๋ฉด, ์Šฌํ””์— ์šธ๊ณ ,
์ „์Ÿ์—์„œ ์ด๊ฒจ๋„, ์ฃฝ์€ ์ž์˜ ์˜ˆ์˜๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋‹ค.

32. Shapes

์žฅ ์ œ32

The Way has no true shape,
And therefore none can control it.
If a ruler could control the Way
All things would follow
In harmony with his desire,
And sweet rain would fall,
Effortlessly slaking every thirst.
The Way is shaped by use,
But then the shape is lost.
Do not hold fast to shapes
But let sensation flow into the world
As a river courses down to the sea.

๋„๋Š” ๋Š˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ์—†๋‹ค.
์†Œ๋ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น„๋ก ์ž‘์ง€๋งŒ,
์ฒœํ•˜์˜ ๊ทธ ๋ฌด์—‡๋„ (๋„๋ฅผ) ์‹ ํ•˜ ์‚ผ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค.
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์™•ํ›„๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด,
๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋”ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
ํ•˜๋Š˜๊ณผ ๋•…์ด ์„œ๋กœ ๋ชจ์—ฌ, ๋‹จ ์ด์Šฌ์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋“ฏ,
๋ฐฑ์„ฑ์€ ์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š์•„๋„ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Ÿฐํžˆ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
(๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ) ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด, (๊ทธ์— ๊ฑธ๋งž๋Š”) ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋‹ˆ,
์ด๋ฏธ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
๋ฌด๋ฆ‡ ๋ฉˆ์ถœ ์ค„ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
๋ฉˆ์ถœ ์ค„ ์•Œ๋ฉด ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค.
๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฒœํ•˜์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋น„์œ ํ•˜์ž๋ฉด,
๊ณ„๊ณก๋ฌผ์ด ๊ฐ•๊ณผ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

33. Virtues

์žฅ ์ œ33

Who understands the world is learned;
Who understands the self is enlightened.
Who conquers the world has strength;
Who conquers the self has harmony.
Who is determined has purpose;
Who is contented has wealth.
Who defends his home may long endure;
Who surrenders his home may long survive it.

ํƒ€์ธ์„ ์•„๋Š” ์ž๋Š” ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ž์‹ ์„ ์•„๋Š” ์ž๋Š” ๋ฐ๋‹ค.
ํƒ€์ธ์„ ์ด๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ž๋Š” ํž˜์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ž์‹ ์„ ์ด๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ž๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๋‹ค.
๋งŒ์กฑํ• ์ค„ ์•„๋Š” ์ž๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ถ€์ž์ด๊ณ ,
ํž˜์จ ํ•ด๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ž๋Š” ์˜์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
์ œ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์žƒ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ž๋Š” ์˜ค๋ž˜๊ฐ€๊ณ ,
์ฃฝ์–ด๋„ ๋„๋ฅผ ์žƒ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ž๋Š” ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์‚ฐ๋‹ค.

34. Control

์žฅ ์ œ34

The Way flows and ebbs, creating and destroying,
Implementing all the world, attending to the tiniest details,
Claiming nothing in return.
It nurtures all things,
Though it does not control them;
It has no intention,
So it seems inconsequential.
It is the substance of all things;
Though it does not control them;
It has no exception,
So it seems all-important.
The sage would not control the world;
He is in harmony with the world.

์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ๋„๋Š” ๋„๋ฆฌ ํผ์ ธ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ,
์™ผ์ชฝ๊ณผ ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํฌํ•จํ•œ๋‹ค.
๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋„์— ์˜์ง€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์ง€๋งŒ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ,
์ผ์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ๋„ (๊ทธ ๋’ค์— ๋„๊ฐ€) ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ž…ํžˆ๊ณ  ๋จน์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ฃผ์ธ์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ,
๋Š˜ ๋ฐ”๋žจ์ด ์—†์œผ๋‹ˆ,
์ž‘๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค;
๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด (๋„์—๊ฒŒ๋กœ) ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์ง€๋งŒ, ์ฃผ์ธ์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋‹ˆ,
ํฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
๋๋๋‚ด ์ž๊ธฐ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ํฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—,
์ •๋ง๋กœ ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

35. Peace

์žฅ ์ œ35

If you offer music and food
Strangers may stop with you;
But if you accord with the Way
All the people of the world will keep you
In safety, health, community, and peace.
The Way lacks art and flavour;
It can neither be seen nor heard,
But its benefit cannot be exhausted.

๋„๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์žก์œผ๋ฉด, ์ฒœํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ„๋‹ค.
๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๋„ ํ•ด๋กญ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋‹ˆ, ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ํ‰ํ™”๋กญ๋‹ค.
์Œ์•…๊ณผ ์Œ์‹์€ ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ์†๋‹˜์„ ๋ถ™์žก์ง€๋งŒ,
๋„๋Š” ๋‹ด๋‹ดํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ง›์ด ์—†๊ณ , ๋ณด์•„๋„ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ,
๋“ค์–ด๋„ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ์จ๋„ ๋‹คํ•จ์ด ์—†๋‹ค.

36. Opposition

์žฅ ์ œ36

To reduce someoneโ€™s influence, first expand it;
To reduce someoneโ€™s force, first increase it;
To overthrow someone, first exalt them;
To take from someone, first give to them.
This is the subtlety by which the weak overcome the strong:
Fish should not leave their depths,
And swords should not leave their scabbards.

์ค„์ด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋จผ์ € ๋Š˜๋ ค์ค˜์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
์•ฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋จผ์ € ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
๋งํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋จผ์ € ํฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๊ณ ,
๋นผ์•—๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋จผ์ € ์ฃผ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
์ด๋ฅผ ์ˆจ๊ฒจ์ง„ ๋ฐ์Œ์ด๋ผ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์•ฝํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹จ๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด๊ธด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์ด๋‹ค.
๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์—ฐ๋ชป์„ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋˜๊ณ ,
๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์ด๋“์ด๋‚˜ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ์„  ์•ˆ๋œ๋‹ค.

37. Tranquillity

์žฅ ์ œ37

The Way takes no action, but leaves nothing undone.
When you accept this
The world will flourish,
In harmony with nature.
Nature does not possess desire;
Without desire, the heart becomes quiet;
In this manner the whole world is made tranquil.

๋„๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„, ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—†๋‹ค.
์ง€๋ฐฐ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ €์ ˆ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•ด๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
๊ทธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์–ต์ง€๋กœ ํ•˜๋ คํ•˜๋ฉด, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„ํ• ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฐ•ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์Šค๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
์ด๋ฆ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฐ•ํ•จ์ด๋ž€, ์š•์‹ฌ์„ ์—†์• ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
์š•์‹ฌ์„ ์—†์• ๋ฉด ๊ณ ์š”ํ•˜๋‹ˆ, ์ฒœํ•˜๋Š” ์ €์ ˆ๋กœ ์•ˆ์ •๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

38. Ritual

์žฅ ์ œ38

Well established hierarchies are not easily uprooted;
Closely held beliefs are not easily released;
So ritual enthralls generation after generation.
Harmony does not care for harmony, and so is naturally attained;
But ritual is intent upon harmony, and so can not attain it.
Harmony neither acts nor reasons;
Love acts, but without reason;
Justice acts to serve reason;
But ritual acts to enforce reason.
When the Way is lost, there remains harmony;
When harmony is lost, there remains love;
When love is lost, there remains justice;
But when justice is lost, there remains ritual.
Ritual is the end of compassion and honesty,
The beginning of confusion;
Belief is a colourful hope or fear,
The beginning of folly.
The sage goes by harmony, not by hope;
He dwells in the fruit, not the flower;
He accepts substance, and ignores abstraction.

๋†’์€ ๋•์€ ๋•๋‹ต์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ๋•์ด ์žˆ๊ณ ,
๋‚ฎ์€ ๋•์€ ๋•์„ ๋†“์น˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ๋•์ด ์—†๋‹ค.
๋†’์€ ๋•์€ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ์–ต์ง€๋กœ ํ•จ์ด ์—†๊ณ ,
๋‚ฎ์€ ๋•์€ ํ•˜๋ คํ•˜๋‚˜ ์–ต์ง€๋กœ ํ•จ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.
๋†’์€ ์–ด์งŠ์€ ํ–‰ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์–ต์ง€๋กœ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์ด๊ณ ,
๋†’์€ ์˜๋กœ์›€์€ ํ•˜๋ คํ•˜๋‚˜ ์–ต์ง€๋กœ ํ•จ์ด๋‹ค.
๋†’์€ ์˜ˆ์ ˆ์€ ํ•˜๋ คํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘์ด ์—†์œผ๋ฉด ํŒ”์„ ๊ฑท์–ด๋ถ™์ด๊ณ  ์–ต์ง€๋กœ ์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค.
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋„๋ฅผ ์žƒ์œผ๋ฉด ๋•์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ 
๋•์„ ์žƒ์œผ๋ฉด ์–ด์งŠ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ 
์–ด์งŠ์„ ์žƒ์œผ๋ฉด ์˜๋กœ์›€์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ 
์˜๋กœ์›€์„ ์žƒ์œผ๋ฉด ์˜ˆ์ ˆ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค.
๋ฌด๋ฆ‡, ์˜ˆ์ ˆ์€ ๋ฏฟ์Œ๊ณผ ์„ฌ๊น€์ด ํฌ๋ฏธํ•ด์ง€๋ฉด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฒซ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ ,
๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ์•Ž์€ ๋„๋ฅผ ์œค์ƒ‰ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ผ ๋ฟ, ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์Œ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์ด๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋Œ€์žฅ๋ถ€๋Š” ํ›„๋•ํ•˜์ง€ ์–„ํŒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ,
์—ด๋งค์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ์ง€ ๊ฝƒ์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋Œ€์žฅ๋ถ€๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๊ฒƒ์„ ์ทจํ•œ๋‹ค.

39. Support

์žฅ ์ œ39

In mythical times all things were whole:
All the sky was clear,
All the earth was stable,
All the mountains were firm,
All the riverbeds were full,
All of nature was fertile,
And all the rulers were supported.
But, losing clarity, the sky tore;
Losing stability, the earth split;
Losing strength, the mountains sank;
Losing water, the riverbeds cracked;
Losing fertility, nature disappeared;
And losing support, the rulers fell.
Rulers depend upon their subjects,
The noble depend upon the humble;
So rulers call themselves orphaned, hungry and alone,
To win the peopleโ€™s support.

ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์–ป์€ ์ž๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•˜๋Š˜์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์–ป์–ด ๋ง‘์•„์ง€๊ณ ,
๋•…์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์–ป์–ด ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•ด์ง€๋ฉฐ,
์‹ ์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์–ป์–ด ์˜ํ—˜ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ ,
๊ณจ์งœ๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์–ป์–ด ์ฑ„์›Œ์ง€๋ฉฐ.
๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์–ป์–ด ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚˜๊ณ ,
์ œํ›„์™€ ์™•์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์–ป์–ด ์ฒœํ•˜๋ฅผ ์„ธ์šด๋‹ค.
์ € ๋ง์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋œป์ด๋‹ค.
ํ•˜๋Š˜์ด ๋ง‘์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๊ฐˆ๋ผ์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ ,
๋•…์€ ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋ชป์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
์‹ ์€ ์˜ํ—˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์—†์–ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ ,
๊ณ„๊ณก์€ ์ฑ„์›Œ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋งˆ๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ,
๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ ,
์ œํ›„์™€ ์™•์ด ์„ธ์šฐ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉด ๋„˜์–ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ท€ํ•จ์€ ์ฒœํ•จ์„ ๊ทธ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ผ๊ณ ,
๋†’์Œ์€ ๋‚ฎ์Œ์„ ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋กœ ์‚ผ๋Š”๋‹ค.
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ œํ›„์™€ ์™•์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์•„, ๊ณผ๋ถ€, ์ž์‹์—†๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
์ด๋Š” ์ฒœํ•จ์„ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ผ๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๊ฒ ๋Š”๊ฐ€?
์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๋ช…์˜ˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
์˜ฅ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ท€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ  ์ด๋ฆฌ์ €๋ฆฌ ๊ตฌ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋Œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋˜๋ผ.

40. Motion and Use

์žฅ ์ œ40

The motion of the Way is to return;
The use of the Way is to accept;
All things come from the Way,
And the Way comes from nothing.

๋Œ์•„์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋„์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์ด๊ณ , ์•ฝํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋„์˜ ์“ฐ์ž„์ด๋‹ค.
ํ•˜๋Š˜ ์•„๋ž˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ์žˆ์Œ์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋˜๋‚˜, ์žˆ์Œ์€ ์—†์Œ์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋œ๋‹ค.

41. Following

์žฅ ์ œ41

When the great man learns the Way, he follows it with diligence;
When the common man learns the Way, he follows it on occasion;
When the mean man learns the Way, he laughs out loud;
Those who do not laugh, do not learn at all.
Therefore it is said:
Who understands the Way seems foolish;
Who progresses on the Way seems to fail;
Who follows the Way seems to wander.
For the finest harmony appears plain;
The brightest truth appears coloured;
The richest character appears incomplete;
The bravest heart appears meek;
The simplest nature appears inconstant.
The square, perfected, has no corner;
Music, perfected, has no melody;
Love, perfected, has no climax;
Art, perfected, has no meaning.
The Way can be neither sensed nor known:
It transmits sensation and transcends knowledge.

ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์„ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋„๋ฅผ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด, ๋ถ€์ง€๋Ÿฐํžˆ ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค.
ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ์„ ๋น„๋Š” ๋„๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋„, ๊ธด๊ฐ€๋ฏผ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
๋ชป๋‚œ ์„ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋„๋ฅผ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด, ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋น„์›ƒ๋Š”๋‹ค.
์›ƒ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ์— ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋‹ค.
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ตณ์ด ๋ง๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.
๋ฐ์€ ๋„๋Š” ์–ด๋‘์šด ๋“ฏํ•˜๊ณ ,
๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋„๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ์„œ๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
ํ‰ํ‰ํ•œ ๋„๋Š” ์–ด๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง„ ๋“ฏํ•˜๊ณ ,
ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๋•์€ ๊ณ„๊ณก๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์œผ๋ฉฐ,
ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋”๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋“ฏํ•˜๊ณ ,
๋„“์€ ๋•์€ ๋„‰๋„‰ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ๋“ฏํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
๋ง๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ ๋•์€ ๊ตฌ์ฐจํ•œ ๋“ฏํ•˜๊ณ ,
์„ฑ์งˆ์ด ์ฐธ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ชจ๋‚œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ท€ํ‰์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ณ ,
ํฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆ‡์€ ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๋ฉฐ,
ํฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ,
ํฐ ๋ชจ์–‘์€ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค.
๋„๋Š” ์ˆจ์–ด์„œ ์ด๋ฆ„๋„ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ,
์˜ค์ง ๋„๋งŒ์ด (์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ) ์ž˜ ๋นŒ๋ ค์ฃผ๊ณ  (์ผ์„) ์ž˜ ์ด๋ฃฌ๋‹ค.

42. Mind

์žฅ ์ œ42

The Way bears sensation,
Sensation bears memory,
Sensation and memory bear abstraction,
And abstraction bears all the world;
Each thing in the world bears feeling and doing,
And, imbued with mind, harmony with the Way.
As others have taught, so do I teach,
โ€œWho loses harmony opposes natureโ€;
This is the root of my teaching.

๋„๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ๊ณ , ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‘˜์„ ๋‚ณ๊ณ ,
๋‘˜์€ ์…‹์„ ๋‚ณ๊ณ , ์…‹์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‚ณ๋Š”๋‹ค.
๋งŒ๋ฌผ์€ ์Œ์„ ์ง€๊ณ  ์–‘์„ ๊ปด์•ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์šด์œผ๋กœ ์กฐํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃฌ๋‹ค.
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์™ธ๋กœ์›€, ๋ถ€๋•ํ•จ, ์ฐฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•จ์ด๋ผ,
์ง€๋ฐฐ์ž๋Š” ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋‚ฎ์ถฐ๋ถ€๋ฅธ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋œ์–ด๋„ ๋”ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ ,
๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ ๋”ํ•ด๋„ ๋œ์–ด์ง€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„, ๋‚˜ ์—ญ์‹œ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
์–ต์„ผ ์ž๋Š” ๊ณฑ๊ฒŒ ์ฃฝ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค.
๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธˆ๊ณผ์˜ฅ์กฐ๋กœ ์‚ผ์œผ๋ ค ํ•œ๋‹ค.

43. Overcoming

์žฅ ์ œ43

Water overcomes the stone;
Without substance it requires no opening;
This is the benefit of taking no action.
Yet benefit without action,
And experience without abstraction,
Are practiced by very few.

์ฒœํ•˜์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ด, ์ฒœํ•˜์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‹จ๋‹จํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ€๋ฆฌ๊ณ ,
ํ˜•์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ํ‹ˆ์ด ์—†๋Š” ๊ณณ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ„๋‹ค.
๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ํ–‰์œ„์—†๋Š” ์ด๋“์ด๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฅธ๋‹ค.
๋ง์—†๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นจ๊ณผ, ํ–‰์œ„์—†๋Š” ์ด๋“.
์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜ค๋Š” ์ž๋Š” ์ฒœํ•˜์— ๋“œ๋ฌผ๋‹ค.

44. Contentment

์žฅ ์ œ44

Health or reputation: which is held dearer?
Health or possessions: which has more worth?
Profit or loss: which is more troublesome?
Great love incurs great expense,
And great riches incur great fear,
But contentment comes at no cost;
Who knows when to stop
Does not continue into danger,
And so may long endure.

์ด๋ฆ„๊ณผ ๋ชธ ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด๊ฐ€.
๋ชธ๊ณผ ์žฌ์‚ฐ ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ๊ฐ€.
์–ป์Œ๊ณผ ์žƒ์Œ ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณ‘์ธ๊ฐ€.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋‚ญ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
๋งŽ์ด ์Œ“์•„๋‘๋ฉด ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์žƒ๊ฒŒ๋œ๋‹ค.
๋งŒ์กฑ์„ ์•Œ๋ฉด ์š•๋จ์ด ์—†๊ณ ,
๋Š์Œ์„ ์•Œ๋ฉด ์œ„ํƒœ๋กญ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋‹ˆ,
์˜ค๋ž˜๊ฐˆ ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋‹ค.

45. Quiet

์žฅ ์ œ45

Great perfection seems incomplete,
But does not decay;
Great abundance seems empty,
But does not fail.
Great truth seems contradictory;
Great cleverness seems stupid;
Great eloquence seems awkward.
As spring overcomes the cold,
And autumn overcomes the heat,
So calm and quiet overcome the world.

ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ฃฌ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ, ์จ๋„ ๋‹ณ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ,
๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐฌ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งˆ์น˜ ๋น„์–ด๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์จ๋„ ์—†์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
์ •๋ง ๊ณง์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งˆ์น˜ ํœœ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ ,
์ •๋ง ์ •๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งˆ์น˜ ์—‰์„ฑํ•œ ๋“ฏ ์‹ถ๊ณ ,
์ •๋ง ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง์€ ๋งˆ์น˜ ์–ด๋ˆŒํ•œ ๋“ฏ ํ•˜๋‹ค.
์›€์ง์ž„์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์œ„๋ฅผ ์ด๊ธฐ๊ณ ,
์ฐจ๋ถ„ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ๋”์œ„๋ฅผ ์ด๊ธฐ๋‹ˆ,
๋ง‘๊ณ  ๊ณ ์š”ํ•จ์€ ์ฒœํ•˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

46. Horses

์žฅ ์ œ46

When a nation follows the Way,
Horses bear manure through its fields;
When a nation ignores the Way,
Horses bear soldiers through its streets.
There is no greater mistake than following desire;
There is no greater disaster than forgetting contentment;
There is no greater sickness than seeking attainment;
But one who is content to satisfy his needs
Finds that contentment endures.

์ฒœํ•˜์— ๋„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด, ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋˜๋Œ๋ ค ๋†์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ง“๊ณ ,
์ฒœํ•˜์— ๋„๊ฐ€ ์—†์œผ๋ฉด, ๊ตฐ๋งˆ๋Š” ์ „์žฅ์—์„œ ์ƒˆ๋ผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ๋Š”๋‹ค.
๋งŒ์กฑ์„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํฐ ํ™”๋Š” ์—†๊ณ ,
๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์–ป์œผ๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํฐ ํ—ˆ๋ฌผ์€ ์—†๋‹ค.
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋งŒ์กฑ์„ ์•Œ์•„ ์–ป๋Š” ๋งŒ์กฑ๊ฐ์€, ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋งŒ์กฑ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค.

47. Knowing

์žฅ ์ œ47

Without taking a step outdoors
You know the whole world;
Without taking a peep out the window
You know the colour of the sky.
The more you experience,
The less you know.
The sage wanders without knowing,
Sees without looking,
Accomplishes without acting.

๋ฌธ ๋ฐ–์„ ๋‚˜์„œ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋„ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ ,
์ฐฝ ๋ฐ–์„ ๋‚ด๋‹ค๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋„ ํ•˜๋Š˜์˜ ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณธ๋‹ค.
๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋”์šฑ ์ ๊ฒŒ ์•ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด๋ ‡๋“ฏ ์„ฑ์ธ์€ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋„ ์•Œ๊ณ ,
๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š์•„๋„ ์•Œ๋ฉฐ, ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋„ ์ด๋ฃฌ๋‹ค.

48. Inaction

์žฅ ์ œ48

The follower of knowledge learns as much as he can every day;
The follower of the Way forgets as much as he can every day.
By attrition he reaches a state of inaction
Wherein he does nothing, but nothing remains undone.
To conquer the world, accomplish nothing;
If you must accomplish something,
The world remains beyond conquest.

๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋ฉด ๋‚ ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋”ํ•˜๊ณ ,
๋„๋ฅผ (ํ–‰)ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚ ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋œ์–ด๋‚ธ๋‹ค.
๋œ๊ณ  ๋˜ ๋œ์–ด์„œ,
์œ„ํ•จ์ด ์—†์Œ(๋ฌด์œ„)์— ์ด๋ฅธ๋‹ค.
๋ฌด์œ„(์œ„ํ•จ์ด์—†์Œ)์ง€๋งŒ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†๋‹ค.
์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ (์ผ๋ถ€๋Ÿฌ) ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ฒœํ•˜๋ฅผ ์–ป์ง€,
(์ผ๋ถ€๋Ÿฌ) ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋˜๋ฉด,
์ฒœํ•˜๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ธฐ์— ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋‹ค.

49. People

์žฅ ์ œ49

The sage does not distinguish between himself and the world;
The needs of other people are as his own.
He is good to those who are good;
He is also good to those who are not good,
Thereby he is good.
He trusts those who are trustworthy;
He also trusts those who are not trustworthy,
Thereby he is trustworthy.
The sage lives in harmony with the world,
And his mind is the worldโ€™s mind.
So he nurtures the worlds of others
As a mother does her children.

์„ฑ์ธ์€ ์ •ํ•ด์ง„ ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ์—†๊ณ , ๋ฐฑ์„ฑ์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ผ๋Š”๋‹ค.
์ฐฉํ•œ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฐฉํ•˜๋‹ค ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ฐฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ด๋„ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฐฉํ•˜๋‹ค ํ•˜๋‹ˆ, ์ฐฉํ•จ์„ ์–ป๊ณ ,
๋ฏฟ๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฏฟ๊ณ , ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ด ๋˜ํ•œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฏฟ์œผ๋‹ˆ, ๋ฏฟ์Œ์„ ์–ป๋Š”๋‹ค.
์„ฑ์ธ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์“ธ์–ด๋ชจ์œผ๋Š” ๋งˆ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ฒœํ•˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์‹ธ์•ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ,
๋ฐฑ์„ฑ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ˆˆ๊ท€๋ฅผ ์„ธ์šฐ๊ณ , ์„ฑ์ธ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์•„์ด ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋“ฏ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

50. Death

์žฅ ์ œ50

Men flow into life, and ebb into death.
Some are filled with life;
Some are empty with death;
Some hold fast to life, and thereby perish,
For life is an abstraction.
Those who are filled with life
Need not fear tigers and rhinos in the wilds,
Nor wear armour and shields in battle;
The rhinoceros finds no place in them for its horn,
The tiger no place for its claw,
The soldier no place for a weapon,
For death finds no place in them.

๋‚˜์˜ด์€ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚จ์ด๊ณ  ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฃฝ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
์žฅ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๋“ค์ด ์—ด์— ์…‹์ด๊ณ , ์š”์ ˆํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๋“ค์ด ์—ด์— ์…‹์ด๋ฉฐ,
์ž˜ ์‚ด๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์ฃฝ๋Š” ์ž๋„ ์—ด์— ์…‹์ด๋‹ค.
์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๊ฐ€? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ถ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง‘์ฐฉ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ด์•„์™”๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.
๋„๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ๋‹ฆ๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๋‹ˆ,
์‚ฐ์„ ๋‹ค๋…€๋„ ํ˜ธ๋ž‘์ด๋‚˜ ์ฝ”๋ฟ”์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ,
์ „์Ÿํ„ฐ์—์„œ๋„ ๋ฌด๊ธฐ์— ๋‹ค์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค.
์ฝ”๋ฟ”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์ด๋ฐ›์„ ๊ณณ์ด ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ฉฐ,
ํ˜ธ๋ž‘์ด๊ฐ€ ํ• ํ€ผ ๊ณณ์ด ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ฉฐ,
๋ฌด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฐŒ๋ฅผ ๊ณณ์ด ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.
์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๊ฐ€? ์ฃฝ์Œ์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์—ฌ์ง€๋ฅผ ์—†์•ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.