Hetsiky ny fikambanana ho an’ny teny iraisam-pirenena Esperanto. Isika mpikambana iraisam-pirenena ho an’ny teny Esperanto mba ho fampandrosoana azy, dia hampita izao ezaka izao amin’ireo fitondrampanjakana, fikambanana iraisam-pirenena sy olona tsara sitra-po, hanambara amin’ny tanjona izay voasoritr’ity ary manasa ny fikambanana tsirairay sy ny olom-pirenena mba hirotsaka ka hanohana izao ezaka ataontsika izao.

We, members of the worldwide movement for the promotion of Esperanto, address this Manifesto to all governments, international organizations and people of good will; declare our unshakeable commitment to the objectives set out here; and call on all organizations and individuals to join us in working for these goals.

Ny taona 1887 nisy antso ho toy ny drafitr’asa ho amin’ny fifandraisam-pirenena ary mba hampivoatra haingana eo amin’ny tontolon’ny fiainana, ny taonan’ny Esperanto dia efa ho zato taona amperin’asa mba hampiray ny olombelona voazarazaram-pitenenana isan-karazany, ary koa voaefitry ny kolontsaina samy manana ny azy. Eo anelanelam-potoana, ireo mpiteny azy dia tsy nanary velively ireo zava-dehibe sy ny sotoavina. Na ny fampiasana teny vitsivitsy eran-tany, na ny fandrosoana maro entin’ny fifandraisana ara-teknika, na koa ny fitrandrahana ireo fomba vaovao ho fampianaran-teny dia manamarina izao feinitra manaraka izao, izay isika no mampisy lanja mazava sy hampivoitra ny onjam-peon’ny teny.

For more than a century Esperanto, which was launched in 1887 as a project for an auxiliary language for international communication and quickly developed into a rich living language in its own right, has functioned as a means of bringing people together across the barriers of language and culture. The aims that inspire the users of Esperanto are still as important and relevant as ever. Neither the worldwide use of a few national languages, nor advances in communications technology, nor the development of new methods of language teaching is likely to result in a fair and effective language order based on the following principles, which we hold to be essential.

1. Fanehoan-kevitra

1. Democracy

Fomba fifandraisana izay manome aina manokana ny olona tsirairay avy nefa mifampiankina ny tsirairay, dia tokony ho vonona izy ireo ho amin’ny ezaka mandavan-taona mba hatratrarana ny dingana mazava mba ho fototry ny fanehoan-kevitra ary koa na dia tsy tonga lafatra aza ny Esperanto.

Any system of communication which confers lifelong privileges on some while requiring others to devote years of effort to achieving a lesser degree of competence is fundamentally antidemocratic. While Esperanto, like any language, is not perfect, it far outstrips other languages as a means of egalitarian communication on a world scale.

Isika manamafy fa tsy fitoviam-pitenenana dia mazàna mirona ho amin’ny tsy fitoviam-pifandraisana eo amin’ny sehatra samihafa. Isika dia fikambanana ho amin’ny fifandraisan’ny fanehoan-kevitra.

We maintain that language inequality gives rise to communicative inequality at all levels, including the international level. We are a movement for democratic communication.

2. Fifandraisam-pirenena eo amin’ny fanabeazana

2. Global Education

Ny fiteny kely angaha atao hoe madinika dia mifamatotra ary voafaritra eo amin’ny kolontsaina amin’ny firenena tsirairay avy. Ohatra, ny mpianatra izay mianatra ny teny anglisy, na mianatra momba my kolontsaina, jeografia sy ny politika ho an’ireo tany miteny anglisy, indrindra ny Amerika sy Angletera, araka izany dia voafetra hatreo ihany. Ireo mianatra ny Esperanto kosa dia mianatra eo amin’ny tontolo tsy voafetra ary izay firenena na iza misy azy dia olona ao an-tranony ihany izy ireo.

All ethnic languages are bound to certain cultures and nations. For example, the child who learns English learns about the culture, geography and political systems of the English-speaking world, primarily the United States and the United Kingdom. The child who learns Esperanto learns about a world without borders, where every country is home.

Isika manamafy fa ny fandalimana na amin’ny teny inona na amin’ny teny inona dia voafatotra sy voafetra ihany eo amin’ny tontolo iainana. Isika dia fikambanana ho amin’ny fifandraisam-pirenena eo amin’ny fanabeazana.

We maintain that education in any language is bound to a certain view of the world. We are a movement for global education.

3. Fiasana mahomby ara-pedagojia

3. Effective Education

Ampahany ihany amin’ireo mianatra ny teny vahiny no mahafehy azy tsara. Ny Esperanto kosa dia azo ianarana samy irery, azo lazaina fa feno eo amin’ny lafiny rehetra. Ny fianarana maro isankarazany manome tatitra fa ny fampianarana amin’ny teny vahiny angaha dia mitondra fahombiazana. Misy ihany koa sahy manambara fa ny Esperanto ihany vao mainka tsara eo amin’ny fianaran’ireo mpianatra mandalina ny teny.

Only a small percentage of foreign-language students attain fluency in the target language. In Esperanto, fluency is attainable even through home study. Various studies have shown that Esperanto is useful as a preparation for learning other languages. It has also been recommended as a core element in courses in language awareness.

Isika manamafy fa ny fahasarotan’ireo teny vitsy manpiasa dia zary sakana loatra ho an’ireo mpianatra, izay tsy maintsy mianatra teny roa. Isika dia fikambanana mikendry ny fahombiazam-pampianarana.

We maintain that the difficulties in learning ethnic languages will always be a barrier for many students who would benefit from knowing a second language. We are a movement for effective language learning.

4. Fahamaroan-teny

4. Multilingualism

Ny fiaraha-monina eo amin’ny Esperanto dia iray amin’ireo fiaraha-monina misy eto an-tany ka ireo mpiteny azy dia tsy manavaka teny noa na maro. Ny fiaraha-monina eo aminy dia mandray andraikitra hianatra farafahakeliny teny vahiny iray hatramin’ny hahaizany mifehy azy tsara. Antony maro moa no mahatonga hianatra ho amin’ny fitiavana ny teny maro ary amin’ny ankapobeny dia finiavan’ny tsirairay ho amin’ny fivelarana izany.

The Esperanto community is almost unique as a worldwide community whose members are universally bilingual or multilingual. Every member of the community has made the effort to learn at least one foreign language to a communicative level. In many cases this leads to a love and knowledge of several languages and to broader personal horizons in general.

Isika dia manamafy fa ireo mpikambana amin’ireo teny maro, na kely ireo na lehibe dia tokony hametraka mazava tsara ny fototra ho amin’ny famaritana ny teny faharoa izay ianarana ka hatramin’ny fahaizana azy avo lenta. Isika dia fimanbanan ho amin’ny fampitaovana eo amin’ny lafin’ny fahombiazana.

We maintain that the speakers of all languages, large and small, should have a real chance of learning a second language to a high communicative level. We are a movement for providing that opportunity to all.

5. Ny zon’ny teny

5. Language Rights

Tsy mitovy velively ny fizarazarana eo amin’ny hery samihafa ireo teny tsirairay ho amin’ny fahatsapana fa misy mizana tsindrianila eo amin’ny sehatra maro amin’ny mponina, maro tokoa io. Eo amin’ny fiaraha-monina Esperanto kosa, ny mpikambana dia mivory tsy misy fiandamiana na teny kely na lehibe, na fiteny ofisialy na tsia, ary eo anivon’ny tsy fiombana na eroa na etsy noho ny fifandraisana mazava iaraha-mientana. Izany fifandanjan-kery izany eo amin’ireo teny samihafa dia manana ny andraikiny avy mba hampivoatra ary mitondra vahaolana ho amin’ireo tsy fitoviam-pitenenana zary misy disadisa.

The unequal distribution of power between languages is a recipe for permanent language insecurity, or outright language oppression, for a large part of the world’s population. In the Esperanto community the speakers of languages large and small, official and unofficial meet on equal terms through a mutual willingness to compromise. This balance of language rights and responsibilities provides a benchmark for developing and judging other solutions to language inequality and conflict.

Isika manamafy fa ireo hery maro misy eo amin’ny fitenenana samihafa dia mihady lavaka ho amin’ny tsy fahazoana antoka ireo tahirin-kevitra iraisam-pirenena ka ny fitoviana azo antoka eo amin’ny teny no tsara. Isika dia fikambanana ho an’ny zon’ny teny.

We maintain that the wide variations in power among languages undermine the guarantees, expressed in many international instruments, of equal treatment regardless of language. We are a movement for language rights.

6. Fahasamihafam-pitenenana

6. Language Diversity

Ny fitondrampanjakana eran-tany dia manamarika ny fisian’ny fahasamihafa ny teny eto amin’izao tontolo izao ary sakana lehibe ho amin’ny fifandraisana izany sy fivoarana ihany koa. Ho an’ny fikambanana Esperanto kosa my fahasamihafana dia tsy vato misakana velively eo amin’ny loharano azo tovozina.

National governments tend to treat the great diversity of languages in the world as a barrier to communication and development. In the Esperanto community, however, language diversity is experienced as a constant and indispensable source of enrichment. Consequently every language, like every biological species, is inherently valuable and worthy of protection and support.

Araka izany ny teny tsirairay dia karazana zava-mahavelona lafo vidy tokoa ary mendrika harovana mandramaty. Isika dia fikambanana ho amin’ny fandalàna ny fahafamihafam-pitenenana.

We maintain that communication and development policies which are not based on respect and support for all languages amount to a death sentence for the majority of languages in the world. We are a movement for language diversity.

7. Fahafahana maha-olona

7. Human Emancipation

My teny tsirairay dia manafaka ny mpiteny azy ary manome azy ireo fifandraisana samy izy, kanefa zary sakana ho azy ireo ny fifandraisana amin’ny fiteny hafa. Drafitra toy ny fifandraisana eran-tany, Esperanto dia iray sy goavana eo amin’ireo sotoavina sy vinavinan’asa ho amin’ny maha-olona. Drafitr’asa ho amin’ny olona tsirairay mihitsy mba hahafahany mandray anjara eo amin’ny fiaraha-monina, koa ny fototra hiaingana amin’izany dia ny kolontsaina, ny fitoviam-pitenenana nefa tsy mamatotra azy ireo.

Every language both liberates and imprisons its users, giving them the ability to communicate among themselves but barring them from communication with others. Designed as a universally accessible means of communication, Esperanto is one of the great functional projects for the emancipation of humankind — one which aims to let every individual citizen participate fully in the human community, securely rooted in his or her local cultural and language identity yet not limited by it.

Isika dia manamafy fa ao anatin’ny fampiasana ny fitenim-pirenena tsirairay avy dia tsy midika fa misy sakana na fanerena anaty ho amin’ny fananganana fikambanana. Isika dia fikambanana ho amin’ny fahafahana maha-olona.

We maintain that exclusive reliance on national languages inevitably puts up barriers to the freedoms of expression, communication and association. We are a movement for human emancipation.

Prago, jul. 1996

Prago, jul. 1996