ĐĐœĐłĐ»ŃĐčŃĐșа-ŃŃĐ°ĐœŃŃĐ·ŃĐșĐ°Ń ĐșĐœŃга-бŃĐ»ŃĐœĐłĐČа
Yet what is more pleasant than that they do all things by rule and, as it were, a kind of mathematics, the least swerving from which were a crime beyond forgivenessâ
Trouvez-vous pas bien divertissante cette rĂšgle qui commande mathĂ©matiquement leurs moindres actions et quâon ne peut enfreindre sans ĂȘtre damnĂ© !
as how many knots their shoes must be tied with, of what color everything is, what distinction of habits, of what stuff made, how many straws broad their girdles and of what fashion, how many bushels wide their cowl, how many fingers long their hair, and how many hours sleep;
Leurs souliers doivent avoir tant de nĆuds ; la ceinture telle couleur, leur vĂȘtement telle coupe. LâĂ©toffe, la forme et lâampleur prĂ©cises du capuchon, le diamĂštre exact de la tonsure ; le nombre dâheures consacrĂ©es sur sommeil ; tout est prĂ©vu.
which exact equality, how disproportionate it is, among such variety of bodies and tempers, who is there that does not perceive it?
Il est facile de comprendre combien cette uniformitĂ© sâaccorde avec la diversitĂ© presque infinie des tempĂ©raments et des caractĂšres.
And yet by reason of these fooleries they not only set slight by others, but each different order, men otherwise professing apostolical charity, despise one another, and for the different wearing of a habit, or that âtis of darker color, they put all things in combustion.
Au milieu de tant de niaiseries, ils ne se contentent pas de mĂ©priser les gens du monde ; ils se dĂ©chirent encore entrâeux ; et ces gens qui font profession de charitĂ© apostolique, cherchent noise Ă quiconque porte un habit diffĂ©rent du leur et quelque peu plus foncĂ© en couleur.
And among these there are some so rigidly religious that their upper garment is haircloth, their inner of the finest linen; and, on the contrary, others wear linen without and hair next their skins.
Rigoureux observateurs des statuts de leur ordre, les uns portent ostensiblement lâhabit de pĂ©nitence ; il est vrai de dire quâils ont de la toile fine en dessous ; les autres au contraire portent la toile au-dessus et la laine au-dessous.
Others, again, are as afraid to touch money as poison, and yet neither forbear wine nor dallying with women.
Il en est qui craignent de palper un Ă©cu Ă lâĂ©gal dâune vipĂšre ; mais de boire et de caresser les ribaudes ils ne se font faute.
In a word, âtis their only care that none of them come near one another in their manner of living,
nor do they endeavor how they may be like Christ, but how they may differ among themselves.
Leur ambition nâest pas de ressembler au Christ, mais de ne pas se ressembler entrâeux.
And another great happiness they conceive in their names, while they call themselves Cordiliers, and among these too, some are Colletes, some Minors, some Minims, some Crossed;
Les surnoms quâils se sont donnĂ©s entrent pour beaucoup dans leur bonheur ; on peut ĂȘtre fier dâĂȘtre cordelier en tant quâespĂšce gĂ©nĂ©rale, et comme genre particulier dâĂȘtre rĂ©collet, mineur, minime, ou bulliste.
and again, these are Benedictines, those Bernardines; these Carmelites, those Augustines; these Williamites, and those Jacobines; as if it were not worth the while to be called Christians.
Puis viennent ceux qui se nomment bĂ©nĂ©dictins, bernardins, brigittins, augustins, guilhelmistes et jacobites. On dirait que le nom de chrĂ©tien nâest plus assez beau !
And of these, a great part build so much on their ceremonies and petty traditions of men that they think one heaven is too poor a reward for so great merit, little dreaming that the time will come when Christ, not regarding any of these trifles, will call them to account for His precept of charity.
Les trois quarts de tout ce monde attachent tant dâimportance Ă leurs pratiques et aux habitudes du cloĂźtre, quâĂ les en croire, ce nâest guĂšre du paradis pour les rĂ©compenser de tant de zĂšle, comme si le Christ pouvait mettre dans la balance, pour peser leurs Ćuvres, autre chose que la charitĂ©, ce fondement de sa loi !
One shall show you a large trough full of all kinds of fish;
Au dernier jour, il fera beau les voir produire qui sa bedaine farcie de poissons,
another tumble you out so many bushels of prayers;
qui ses milliers de psaumes,
another reckon you so many myriads of fasts, and fetch them up again in one dinner by eating till he cracks again;
qui ses jeĂ»nes multipliĂ©s suivis dâautant de repas oĂč il a failli crever de nourriture,
another produces more bundles of ceremonies than seven of the stoutest ships would be able to carry;
qui un tas de cérémonies monacales capables de charger sept vaisseaux !
another brags he has not touched a penny these three score years without two pair of gloves at least upon his hands;
Il fera beau les voir, celui-ci se vanter dâavoir passĂ© soixante ans sans toucher une piĂšce dâargent⊠autrement quâavec une double paire de gants ;
another wears a cowl so lined with grease that the poorest tarpaulin would not stoop to take it up;
celui-lĂ Ă©taler un capuchon si sordide et si gras quâun matelot refuserait de le porter ;
another will tell you he has lived these fifty-five years like a sponge, continually fastened to the same place; another is grown hoarse with his daily chanting; another has contracted a lethargy by his solitary living; and another the palsy in his tongue for want of speaking.
ou cet autre encore rappeler quâil a vĂ©cu comme une Ă©ponge, toujours attachĂ© au mĂȘme rocher ! En vain celui-ci allĂ©guera sa voix enrouĂ©e Ă force de chanter, celui-lĂ lâhĂ©bĂštement produit par la solitude oĂč il sâest plongĂ©, cet autre le long silence qui lui a paralysĂ© la langue ;
But Christ, interrupting them in their vanities, which otherwise were endless, will ask them, âWhence this new kind of Jews?
le Christ interrompra ces apologies sans fin : « DâoĂč venez-vous, dira-t-il, nouvelle race de Juifs ?
I acknowledge one commandment, which is truly mine, of which alone I hear nothing.
vous me parlez de tout, excepté de ma loi, la seule que je comprenne.
I promised, âtis true, my Fatherâs heritage, and that without parables, not to cowls, odd prayers, and fastings, but to the duties of faith and charity.
Je lâai dit clairement autrefois et sans parabole, ce nâest pas aux frocs, aux oraisons, aux abstinences que jâai promis le royaume de mon pĂšre, câest aux Ćuvres de charitĂ©.
Nor can I acknowledge them that least acknowledge their faults. They that would seem holier than myself, let them if they like possess to themselves those three hundred sixty-five heavens of Basilides the hereticâs invention, or command them whose foolish traditions they have preferred before my precepts to erect them a new one.
ArriĂšre ! vous qui Ă©valuez si bien vos propres mĂ©rites, et vous donnez pour plus saints que moi. Allez chercher un paradis loin dâici. Demandez de vous en bĂątir un Ă ceux-lĂ qui ont mis des pratiques oĂč jâavais mis ma loi. »
âWhen they shall hear these things and see common ordinary persons preferred before them, with what countenance, think you, will they behold one another?
Quand retentira cet arrĂȘt terrible et quâils se verront prĂ©fĂ©rer des matelots et des charretiers, quelle mine se feront-ils selon vous ? â
In the meantime they are happy in their hopes, and for this also they are beholding to me.
En attendant, moi, la Folie, je les rends heureux en les berçant dâespĂ©rance.
And yet these kind of people, though they are as it were of another commonwealth, no man dares despise, especially those begging friars, because they are privy to all menâs secrets by means of confessions, as they call them.
Quoiquâils soient morts pour lui, le monde se garde bien de laisser voir son mĂ©pris Ă ces enfroquĂ©s, surtout aux ordres mendiants. Car ils possĂšdent les secrets des familles, grĂące Ă la confession quâils mettent tous leurs soins Ă provoquer.
Which yet were no less than treason to discover, unless, being got drunk, they have a mind to be pleasant, and then all comes out, that is to say by hints and conjectures but suppressing the names.
Câest pour eux cas damnable dâen rĂ©vĂ©ler quelque chose, je le sais, mais il arrive parfois, quand ils ont trop fĂȘtĂ© la dive bouteille, quâils cherchent Ă Ă©gayer la sociĂ©tĂ© par de piquantes anecdotes. Ils laissent alors comprendre la comĂ©die, sans nommer les acteurs. â
But if anyone should anger these wasps, theyâll sufficiently revenge themselves in their public sermons and so point out their enemy by circumlocutions that thereâs no one but understands whom âtis they mean, unless he understand nothing at all;
Avez-vous par mĂ©garde irritĂ© ces frelons, ils sâen vengent dans quelque prĂŽne, ou ils dĂ©cochent Ă leurs ennemis des phrases obliques, si transparentes pourtant, quâil faudrait ĂȘtre stupide pour ne pas reconnaĂźtre Ă qui ils en veulent.
nor will they give over their barking till you throw the dogs a bone.
Le cerbĂšre ne cessera pas dâaboyer, avant que vous ne lui ayez jetĂ© dans la gueule le gĂąteau de miel.
And now tell me, what juggler or mountebank you had rather behold than hear them rhetorically play the fool in their preachments, and yet most sweetly imitating what rhetoricians have written touching the art of good speaking?
Regardez maintenant nos gens en chaire, et dites sâil y a comĂ©diens ou bateleurs qui vaillent ces rhĂ©toriciens ridicules, lorsquâils copient les procĂ©dĂ©s de lâart oratoire.
Good God! what several postures they have! How they shift their voice, sing out their words, skip up and down, and are ever and anon making such new faces that they confound all things with noise! And yet this knack of theirs is no less a mystery that runs in succession from one brother to another;
Grands dieux ! Voyez-les gesticuler, changer mal Ă propos de ton, chanter, faire la roue, se grimer en un clin dâĆil et Ă©branler le temple de leurs glapissements ! Cet art de dire est un secret que le moine transmet pieusement au moinillon.
which though it be not lawful for me to know, however Iâll venture at it by conjectures. And first they invoke whatever they have scraped from the poets;
Bien quâil ne me soit pas donnĂ© dâĂȘtre initiĂ© complĂštement Ă dâaussi profonds mystĂšres, je dois vous dire cependant ce quâil mâen semble de plus probable. Dâabord lâorateur commence par une invocation Ă lâimitation des poĂ«tes ;
and in the next place, if they are to discourse of charity, they take their rise from the river Nilus; or to set out the mystery of the cross, from bell and the dragon; or to dispute of fasting, from the twelve signs of the zodiac; or, being to preach of faith, ground their matter on the square of a circle.
ensuite, sâil doit parler de charitĂ©, il ne manque pas de pĂȘcher son exorde dans le Nil dâĂgypte ; sâil sâagit des mystĂšres de la Croix, il dĂ©bute finement par quelques mots sur Bel, le dragon babylonien. Parle-t-il du carĂȘme, il prend son point de dĂ©part aux douze signes du Zodiaque ; de la foi, il prĂ©lude par quelques considĂ©rations sur la quadrature du cercle.
I have heard myself one, and he no small foolâI was mistaken, I would have said scholarâthat being in a famous assembly explaining the mystery of the Trinity, that he might both let them see his learning was not ordinary and withal satisfy some theological ears, he took a new way, to wit from the letters, syllables, and the word itself; then from the coherence of the nominative case and the verb, and the adjective and substantive: and while most of the audience wondered, and some of them muttered that of Horace, âWhat does all this trumpery drive at?â
Jâai entendu de mes propres oreilles un de ces maĂźtres fous⊠un de ces docteurs, voulais-je dire, il avait Ă parler, devant un auditoire choisi, du mystĂšre de la TrinitĂ©. Voulant faire du neuf et flatter lâoreille des thĂ©ologiens, il prit une voie nouvelle et ne trouva rien de mieux que de parler des lettres de lâalphabet, des syllabes et des parties du discours, puis, de la concordance du sujet et du verbe, de lâadjectif et du substantif. Lâauditoire entier tombait des nues et se disait comme Horace : OĂč veut-il en venir avec ces inepties ?
at last he brought the matter to this head, that he would demonstrate that the mystery of the Trinity was so clearly expressed in the very rudiments of grammar that the best mathematician could not chalk it out more plainly.
Bref, il eut le talent de dĂ©couvrir dans les Ă©lĂ©ments de la grammaire le symbole de la TrinitĂ©, mais si exactement quâun mathĂ©maticien nâaurait pu mieux faire.
And in this discourse did this most superlative theologian beat his brains for eight whole months that at this hour heâs as blind as a beetle, to wit, all the sight of his eyes being run into the sharpness of his wit.
Ce chef-dâĆuvre avait coĂ»tĂ© huit mois de travail Ă cet archi-thĂ©ologien ; il en est devenu aveugle, car son esprit a absorbĂ© la lumiĂšre de ses yeux.
But for all that he thinks nothing of his blindness, rather taking the same for too cheap a price of such a glory as he won thereby.
Nâallez pas croire pourtant quâil y ait le moindre regret ; il est persuadĂ© que câest lĂ de la gloire achetĂ©e Ă trop bon compte.
And besides him I met with another, some eighty years of age, and such a divine that youâd have sworn Scotus himself was revived in him.
Jâai eu la bonne fortune de rencontrer un autre octogĂ©naire quâon eĂ»t pris pour une incarnation de Scott.
He, being upon the point of unfolding the mystery of the name Jesus, did with wonderful subtlety demonstrate that there lay hidden in those letters whatever could be said of him;
Les mystĂšres du nom de JĂ©sus, tel Ă©tait son sujet. Il commença par dĂ©montrer avec une subtilitĂ© charmante, comme quoi dans les lettres mĂȘmes de ce nom, on trouvait tout ce quâil y avait Ă dire du Sauveur.
for that it was only declined with three cases, he said, it was a manifest token of the Divine Trinity;
En effet, disait-il, Jésus à trois cas en latin, image évidente de la Trinité ;
and then, that the first ended in S, the second in M, the third in U, there was in it an ineffable mystery, to wit, those three letters declaring to us that he was the beginning, middle, and end (summum, medium, et ultimum) of all.
le premier se termine en s, le second en m, le troisiĂšme en u ; mystĂšre ineffable, car chacune de ces lettres indique que JĂ©sus est le sommet (summum) le milieu (medium) et lâultime (ultimum) des choses.
Nay, the mystery was yet more abstruse; for he so mathematically split the word Jesus into two equal parts that he left the middle letter by itself, and then told us that that letter in Hebrew was schin or sin, and that sin in the Scotch tongue, as he remembered, signified as much as sin;
Ce nâĂ©tait rien encore, les mathĂ©matiques nâavaient rien de plus abstrait que ce qui allait suivre. Coupez, ajoutait-il, le mot en deux parties Ă©gales ; retenez seulement lâs mĂ©diale. Cette lettre, que nous extrayons de JĂ©sus, se nomme syn chez les HĂ©breux ; or syn est un mot Ă©cossais qui veut dire pĂ©chĂ©,
from whence he gathered that it was Jesus that took away the sins of the world.
cela nous dĂ©montre sans conteste que câest JĂ©sus qui a ĂŽtĂ© le pĂ©chĂ© du monde.
At which new exposition the audience were so wonderfully intent and struck with admiration, especially the theologians, that there wanted little but that Niobe-like they had been turned to stones; whereas the like had almost happened to me, as befell the Priapus in Horace.
Cet exorde Ă©bahit tout lâauditoire, sans mĂȘme en excepter les thĂ©ologiens, qui restĂšrent pĂ©trifiĂ©s comme autrefois NiobĂ©. Pour moi, je fus sur le point dâimiter le Priape de Figuier lorsquâil fut le tĂ©moin des sortilĂšges des deux sorciĂšres dâHorace.
And not without cause, for when were the Grecian Demosthenes or Roman Cicero ever guilty of the like?
Et il y avait bien de quoi ? Vit-on jamais pareilles jongleries dans le grec de DémosthÚnes ou le latin de Cicéron ?
They thought that introduction faulty that was wide of the matter, as if it were not the way of carters and swineherds that have no more wit than God sent them.
Ces orateurs tenaient pour mauvais un exorde qui ne se rattachait pas au sujet mĂȘme. Sans autre maĂźtre que la nature, un bouvier connaĂźt cette rĂšgle.
But these learned men think their preamble, for so they call it, then chiefly rhetorical when it has least coherence with the rest of the argument, that the admiring audience may in the meanwhile whisper to themselves, âWhat will he be at now?â
Mais, au contraire, si on en croit nos docteurs, le vrai chef-dâĆuvre de rhĂ©torique est un prĂ©ambule (câest le terme consacrĂ©) qui nâa aucun rapport avec le reste du discours ; ils ne sont satisfaits que si leurs auditeurs effarĂ©s se demandent : « OĂč veulent-ils donc en venir ? â
In the third place, they bring in instead of narration some texts of Scripture, but handle them cursorily, and as it were by the bye, when yet it is the only thing they should have insisted on.
Sâils disent un mot de lâĂvangile,
And fourthly, as it were changing a part in the play, they bolt out with some question in divinity, and many times relating neither to earth nor heaven, and this they look upon as a piece of art.
câest bien entendu en passant et par maniĂšre dâanecdote, sans prendre la peine de lâexpliquer, bien quâen rĂ©alitĂ© ils dussent borner leurs discours Ă cette explication. Puis tout Ă coup les voilĂ qui mettent sur le tapis une question thĂ©ologique, la plupart du temps aussi Ă©trangĂšre au ciel quâĂ la terre ; mais il paraĂźt que câest lĂ le comble de lâart.
Here they erect their theological crests and beat into the peopleâs ears those magnificent titles of illustrious doctors, subtle doctors, most subtle doctors, seraphic doctors, cherubin doctors, holy doctors, unquestionable doctors, and the like;
Câest pour le coup quâils dressent la crĂȘte et citent Ă tout propos les titres ronflants de leurs confrĂšres ; docteurs solennels, docteurs subtils, docteurs sĂ©raphiques, docteurs saints, docteurs irrĂ©fragables ;
and then throw abroad among the ignorant people syllogisms, majors, minors, conclusions, corollaries, suppositions, and those so weak and foolish that they are below pedantry.
câest alors que viennent les syllogismes, les majeures, les mineures, les conclusions, les corollaires, les suppositions, et mille autres niaiseries scolastiques, qui obtiennent le plus grand succĂšs prĂšs du vulgaire, qui nây voit goutte.
There remains yet the fifth act in which one would think they should show their mastery.
Reste le cinquiĂšme acte, oĂč lâorateur doit se surpasser.
And here they bring in some foolish insipid fable out of _Speculum Historiale_ or _Gesta Romanorum_ and expound it allegorically, tropologically, and anagogically.
Cette fois, il avance quelque vieille fable absurde, tirĂ©e du Miroir des histoires ou des Gestes des Romains et lâexplique au triple point de vue allĂ©gorique, tropologique et anagogique.
And after this manner do they and their chimera, and such as Horace despaired of compassing when he wrote âHumano capiti,â etc.
Ainsi finit leur discours, monstre bizarre, dont nâapproche pas celui que dĂ©crit Horace aux premiers vers de son Art poĂ©tique.
But they have heard from somebody, I know not whom, that the beginning of a speech should be sober and grave and least given to noise.
Ils ont pris je ne sais oĂč que lâexorde doit ĂȘtre dĂ©bitĂ© lentement et sans Ă©clat. Que font nos gens ?
And therefore they begin theirs at that rate they can scarce hear themselves, as if it were not matter whether anyone understood them.
Ils commencent de façon Ă ne pas sâentendre eux-mĂȘmes, excellente mĂ©thode pour nâĂȘtre compris de personne.
They have learned somewhere that to move the affections a louder voice is requisite.
On leur a dit que, pour remuer les passions, il fallait élever le ton ;
Whereupon they that otherwise would speak like a mouse in a cheese start out of a sudden into a downright fury, even there too, where thereâs the least need of it.
pour obĂ©ir au prĂ©cepte, au moment oĂč on sây attend le moins, ils passent tout Ă coup Ă des Ă©clats furieux.
A man would swear they were past the power of hellebore, so little do they consider where âtis they run out.
Ce serait bien le cas de leur offrir un grain dâellĂ©bore ; mais crier pour les arrĂȘter, ce serait peine perdue !
Again, because they have heard that as a speech comes up to something, a man should press it more earnestly, they, however they begin, use a strange contention of voice in every part, though the matter itself be never so flat, and end in that manner as if theyâd run themselves out of breath.
Il est encore de tradition chez eux que lâorateur doit sâĂ©chauffer par degrĂ©s. Aussi, aprĂšs avoir dĂ©butĂ© cahin-caha, se prennent-ils sans transition Ă hurler, mĂȘme Ă lâendroit le plus glacial ; par contre, ils finissent si bas quâon croirait leur voir rendre lâĂąme.
Lastly, they have learned that among rhetoricians there is some mention of laughter, and therefore they study to prick in a jest here and there; but, O Venus! so void of wit and so little to the purpose that it may be truly called an assâs playing on the harp.
La rhĂ©torique leur a appris que la plaisanterie est un moyen oratoire ; ils sâingĂ©nient donc Ă saupoudrer leurs discours de traits plaisants. Mais, par VĂ©nus ! rien nâĂ©gale leur grĂące et leur Ă -propos ; il semble voir des Ăąnes jouer de la lyre ! â
And sometimes also they use somewhat of a sting, but so nevertheless that they rather tickle than wound; nor do they ever more truly flatter than when they would seem to use the greatest freedom of speech.
Quelquefois ces enfroquĂ©s essayent bien de mordre ; mais ils chatouillent plutĂŽt quâils ne blessent, et ils ne flattent jamais mieux leur auditoire que lorsquâils affectent de lui dire librement la vĂ©ritĂ©.
Lastly, such is their whole action that a man would swear they had learned it from our common tumblers, though yet they come short of them in every respect.
En somme, Ă leur pantomime, Ă leur dĂ©clamation on jurerait quâils ont Ă©tĂ© Ă lâĂ©cole des bateleurs qui, il faut lâavouer, leur sont bien supĂ©rieurs.
However, they are both so like that no man will dispute but that either these learned their rhetoric from them, or they theirs from these.
Au surplus, il y a tant de points de contact, quâon hĂ©site Ă dĂ©cider si ce sont les moines qui ont enseignĂ© la rhĂ©torique aux pĂźtres, ou les pĂźtres aux moines.
And yet they light on some that, when they hear them, conceive they hear very Demosthenes and Ciceroes:
MalgrĂ© cela, grĂące Ă moi, il y a encore des gens qui les regardent comme des DĂ©mosthĂšnes et des CicĂ©rons ; les marchands et les femmes surtout sây laissent prendre.
of which sort chiefly are our merchants and women, whose ears only they endeavor to please, because as to the first, if they stroke them handsomely, some part or other of their ill-gotten goods is wont to fall to their share. And the women, though for many other things they favor this order, this is not the least, that they commit to their breasts whatever discontents they have against their husbands.
Aussi, est-ce Ă cette partie du public quâils cherchent avant tout Ă plaire ; avec un peu dâadresse, ils finissent toujours par pousser les premiers Ă leur lĂącher quelques miettes de leurs biens mal acquis ; quant aux autres, elles ont mille raisons dâaimer les bons pĂšres, ne fĂ»t-ce que pour Ă©pancher dans leur sein tout le mal quâelles pensent de leurs maris.
And now, I conceive me, you see how much this kind of people are beholding to me, that with their petty ceremonies, ridiculous trifles, and noise exercise a kind of tyranny among mankind, believing themselves very Pauls and Anthonies.
Jâen ai dit assez, il me semble, pour vous montrer de combien mâest redevable cette espĂšce dâhommes, qui, pour exercer, Ă lâaide de leurs momeries, leurs niaiseries et leurs clameurs, une sorte de tyrannie sur le monde, se prennent pour des Saint Paul et des Saint Antoine.
LV
LV
But I willingly give over these stage-players that are such ingrateful dissemblers of the courtesies I have done them and such impudent pretenders to religion which they havenât. And now I have a mind to give some small touches of princes and courts, of whom I am had in reverence, aboveboard and, as it becomes gentlemen, frankly.
Mais laissons ces histrions, ce sont des ingrats qui dissimulent aussi adroitement mes bienfaits, quâils simulent adroitement la piĂ©tĂ©. Parlons maintenant des rois et des princes qui se montrent si ouvertement mes adeptes ; parlons-en librement, comme il convient de parler dâhommes libres.
And truly, if they had the least proportion of sound judgment, what life were more unpleasant than theirs, or so much to be avoided?
Il est bien certain que sâils avaient entre eux tous une demi-once de bon sens, rien ne serait plus triste et moins enviable que leur sort.
For whoever did but truly weigh with himself how great a burden lies upon his shoulders that would truly discharge the duty of a prince, he would not think it worth his while to make his way to a crown by perjury and parricide.
En effet, il doit sembler bien cher dâaffecter le pouvoir au prix dâun parjure ou dâun parricide, Ă qui a exactement calculĂ© combien pĂšse une couronne sur la tĂȘte dâun roi vraiment roi.
He would consider that he that takes a scepter in his hand should manage the public, not his private, interest; study nothing but the common good; and not in the least go contrary to those laws whereof himself is both the author and exactor: that he is to take an account of the good or evil administration of all his magistrates and subordinate officers; that, though he is but one, all menâs eyes are upon him, and in his power it is, either like a good planet to give life and safety to mankind by his harmless influence, or like a fatal comet to send mischief and destruction;
Gouverner câest veiller aux intĂ©rĂȘts publics et nĂ©gliger les siens. Le prince, auteur et exĂ©cuteur des lois, doit sây montrer soumis tout le premier. Garant de lâintĂ©gritĂ© des ministres et des magistrats, tout le monde a lâĆil fixĂ© sur lui ; par lâexemple de ses mĆurs il peut Ă son grĂ©, comme lâastre bienfaisant, rĂ©pandre le bonheur sur la terre, ou, comme la comĂšte funeste, semer partout la dĂ©solation et la ruine.
that the vices of other men are not alike felt, nor so generally communicated; and that a prince stands in that place that his least deviation from the rule of honesty and honor reaches farther than himself and opens a gap to many menâs ruin.
Les vices dâun citoyen se perdent dans la foule sans causer grand dommage, ceux du prince, fussent-ils mĂȘme lĂ©gers, empoisonnent comme une contagion toute la rĂ©publique.
Besides, that the fortune of princes has many things attending it that are but too apt to train them out of the way, as pleasure, liberty, flattery, excess; for which cause he should the more diligently endeavor and set a watch over himself, lest perhaps he be led aside and fail in his duty.
Le prince est environnĂ© dâennemis qui lui barrent le droit chemin, les plaisirs, la puissance, la flatterie, le luxe, contre lesquels il doit toujours ĂȘtre en garde, et, malgrĂ© tant de soins, il est encore trompĂ©.
Lastly, to say nothing of treasons, ill will, and such other mischiefs heâs in jeopardy of, that that True King is over his head, who in a short time will call him to account for every the least trespass, and that so much the more severely by how much more mighty was the empire committed to his charge.
Sans parler des embĂ»ches, des ennemis, des pĂ©rils et des maximes qui menacent une tĂȘte couronnĂ©e, il est un roi immortel qui demande aux rois mortels compte de leurs moindres actions, et qui les juge dâautant plus sĂ©vĂšrement que leur rĂšgne a Ă©tĂ© entourĂ© de plus de splendeurs.
These and the like if a prince should duly weigh, and weigh it he would if he were wise, he would neither be able to sleep nor take any hearty repast.
Si les princes se prĂ©occupaient de ces idĂ©es ou autres du mĂȘme genre (mais il faudrait pour cela quâils fussent quelque peu sages), il nây aurait pour eux, si je ne me trompe ; ni sommeil paisible, ni festins agrĂ©ables.
But now by my courtesy they leave all this care to the gods and are only taken up with themselves, not admitting anyone to their ear but such as know how to speak pleasant things and not trouble them with business.
Mais heureusement je suis lĂ , moi, la Folie, et je les fais se reposer sur le hasard du soin de leurs empires, et ne prĂȘter lâoreille quâĂ la flatterie tant ils ont peur quâune pensĂ©e sĂ©rieuse ne vienne troubler leurs Ăąmes !
They believe they have discharged all the duty of a prince if they hunt every day, keep a stable of fine horses, sell dignities and commanderies, and invent new ways of draining the citizensâ purses and bringing it into their own exchequer;
Leur mĂ©tier de rois se borne, ils se lâimaginent, Ă chasser sans trĂȘve ni cesse, Ă monter de superbes chevaux, Ă vendre chĂšrement Ă leur profit les chasses et magistratures, et surtout Ă trouver de nouveaux moyens dâenlever les biens de leurs sujets, pour en remplir leur trĂ©sor.
but under such dainty new-found names that though the thing be most unjust in itself, it carries yet some face of equity;
Et les voit-on, pour y arriver, ressusciter de vieux titres, afin de couvrir du masque du droit leurs monstrueuses iniquités.
adding to this some little sweetânings that whatever happens, they may be secure of the common people.
Il est vrai que, le tour fait, ils daignent adresser quelques compliments au peuple, afin de se ménager son affection au moins par un cÎté.
And now suppose someone, such as they sometimes are, a man ignorant of laws, little less than an enemy to the public good, and minding nothing but his own, given up to pleasure, a hater of learning, liberty, and justice, studying nothing less than the public safety, but measuring everything by his own will and profit;
Figurez-vous un prince comme il y en a tant, ignorant des lois, sans souci du bien public, tout entier Ă ses intĂ©rĂȘts et au plaisir, ennemi de la science, ennemi de la libertĂ© et de la vĂ©ritĂ©, ne songeant Ă rien moins quâau salut de la rĂ©publique et ne connaissant dâautre rĂšgle que son caprice et sa convenance ;
and then put on him a golden chain that declares the accord of all virtues linked one to another; a crown set with diamonds, that should put him in mind how he ought to excel all others in heroic virtues; besides a scepter, the emblem of justice and an untainted heart; and lastly, a purple robe, a badge of that charity he owes the commonwealth.
pendez-lui au cou le collier de la Toison dâor, emblĂšme de la solidaritĂ© de toutes les vertus ; placez sur sa tĂȘte une couronne enrichie de brillants, destinĂ©e Ă lui rappeler quâil doit briller au milieu de ses sujets par ses actions hĂ©roĂŻques ; mettez-lui en main le sceptre, symbole de la justice et de lâimpartialitĂ© qui doit animer son cĆur ; revĂȘtez-lui la pourpre, qui dĂ©signe lâamour ardent quâun souverain doit porter Ă son peuple.
All which if a prince should compare them with his own life, he would, I believe, be clearly ashamed of his bravery, and be afraid lest some or other gibing expounder turn all this tragical furniture into a ridiculous laughingstock.
Et maintenant que ce mauvais prince compare, sâil lâose, ses vĂȘtements symboliques avec sa vie rĂ©elle. Pourra-t-il le faire sans rougir de tout cet appareil, et nâaura-t-il pas Ă craindre quâun railleur nây veuille voir que des oripeaux de théùtre ?
LVI
LVI
And as to the court lords, what should I mention them? than most of whom though there be nothing more indebted, more servile, more witless, more contemptible, yet they would seem as they were the most excellent of all others.
Quant aux courtisans, il ne nous est pas possible de les oublier ; car rien au monde nâest rampant, servile, sot, abject et infatuĂ© de soi-mĂȘme comme cette espĂšce-lĂ .
And yet in this only thing no men more modest, in that they are contented to wear about them gold, jewels, purple, and those other marks of virtue and wisdom;
Sur un seul point, ils font preuve dâune rare modestie : je veux dire quâils se contentent dâĂ©taler dans leur parure lâor, les pierres prĂ©cieuses, la pourpre, insignes de sagesse et de vertu, et quâils laissent sans contestation aux autres Ă pratiquer ces choses.
but for the study of the things themselves, they remit it to others, thinking it happiness enough for them that they can call the king master, have learned the cringe a la mode, know when and where to use those titles of Your Grace, My Lord, Your Magnificence;
Quel bonheur pour eux de pouvoir dire : le roi mon maßtre ! Ils se sont fait une science à eux ; faire la courbette, distribuer à propos les altesses sérénissimes, les majestés, les excellences ;
in a word that they are past all shame and can flatter pleasantly.
se composer un visage imperturbable, oĂč sourit toujours la flatterie, en forment les principaux Ă©lĂ©ments.
For these are the arts that speak a man truly noble and an exact courtier.
Ainsi se résument les talents de messieurs de la cour.
But if you look into their manner of life youâll find them mere sots, as debauched as Penelopeâs wooers; you know the other part of the verse, which the echo will better tell you than I can.
Examinez-les dâun peu prĂšs ; ils vous paraĂźtront aussi stupides que les PhĂ©aciens dâUlysse, aussi crapuleux que les amants de PĂ©nĂ©lope. Quant au reste, Ă©coutez lâĂ©cho des palais, il en sait plus long que moi.
They sleep till noon and have their mercenary Levite come to their bedside, where he chops over his matins before they are half up.
Un bon courtisan dort jusquâĂ midi. Le chapelain mercenaire qui Ă©pie son rĂ©veil, lui expĂ©die bien vite une messe, quâil Ă©coute en robe de chambre.
Then to breakfast, which is scarce done but dinner stays for them.
Monseigneur déjeune : le dßner suit de prÚs.
From thence they go to dice, tables, cards, or entertain themselves with jesters, fools, gambols, and horse tricks.
Ensuite viennent les dés, les échecs, les comédiens, les bouffons, les filles et les folies.
In the meantime they have one or two beverages,
Dans les intervalles, on fait collation.
and then supper, and after that a banquet, and âtwere well, by Jupiter, there were no more than one.
Puis câest le souper, et lâon banquette une partie de la nuit.
And in this manner do their hours, days, months, years, age slide away without the least irksomeness.
VoilĂ comment sâĂ©coulent pour lui, loin des prĂ©occupations, les heures, les jours, les mois, les annĂ©es et les siĂšcles.
Nay, I have sometimes gone away many inches fatter, to see them speak big words; while each of the ladies believes herself so much nearer to the gods by how much the longer train she trails after her; while one nobleman edges out another, that he may get the nearer to Jupiter himself; and everyone of them pleases himself the more by how much more massive is the chain he swags on his shoulders, as if he meant to show his strength as well as his wealth.
La vanitĂ© des courtisans va jusque-lĂ quâelle me fatigue. Ăa ne doit Ă©tonner personne, avoir cette nymphe de cour se croire dâautant plus dĂ©esse que la queue de sa robe est plus longue ; Ă voir cet important se faire jour dans la foule, Ă coups de coude, pour arriver plus prĂšs de Jupiter ; Ă voir ce fat sâadmirer de bonne foi Ă cause de la lourde chaĂźne quâil sâest pendue au cou et qui tĂ©moigne presquâautant de sa force que de son opulence !
LVII
LVII
Nor are princes by themselves in their manner of life, since popes, cardinals, and bishops have so diligently followed their steps that theyâve almost got the start of them.
Les princes ne sont pas seuls Ă mener joyeuse vie ; dans cette voie, les papes, les cardinaux, et les Ă©vĂȘques se montrent leurs dignes Ă©mules, sinon leurs maĂźtres.
For if any of them would consider what their Albe should put them in mind of, to wit a blameless life;
Vous voudriez peut-ĂȘtre aussi que tout ce monde-lĂ ait sans cesse Ă lâesprit que ses blancs vĂȘtements de lin lâavertissent de mener une vie sans tache ;
what is meant by their forked miters, whose each point is held in by the same knot, weâll suppose it a perfect knowledge of the Old and New Testaments;
que sa mitre Ă deux cornes rĂ©unies par un seul nĆud signifie quâil doit rĂ©unir la science du Nouveau et de lâAncien Testament ;
Đ ŃĐșĐ»Đ°ĐŒĐ°